Tmrees 2020 Effect gold nanoparticles generated by Cold

Tmrees 2020 Effect gold nanoparticles generated by Cold Plasma for mineral blood By M. F. Al-Halbosiy , Ban H. Adil, A. S. Obaid , Maryam Kays Abdullah , Alzahraa fadhel adnan

Effect gold nanoparticles generated by Cold Plasma for mineral blood • Gold nanoparticles (Au. NPs), as a significant member of the noble metal nanoparticles. Gold nanoparticles are important because of their unique properties which can be integrated into antimicrobial applications, biological sensor materials, composite fibers and electronic components. • Particle size and nanoparticles strongly affect the physical, chemical, electrical and optical properties of nanomaterials. • In this research focuses our attention to the synthesis using cold plasma (non-thermal ), of noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) is one of the emerging fields in nanoscience and nanotechnology.

MATERIAL AND METHODS • Synthesize gold nanoparticles (Au. NPs) , by atmospheric pressure plasma jet was placed 1 mm above an aqueous solution mixed with HAu. Cl 4. 4 H 2 O aqueous (total volume 10 ml) Aqueous gold salts (HAu. Cl 4. 4 H 2 O) with a molecular weight of 411. 8 g / mol dissolved in ionic water at a concentration of 0. 8 m. M. • HAu. Cl 4. 4 H 2 O aqueous tetrachloride salts is used (99% purity) manufactured by sigma Aldrich company. A volume of 20 m. L of 0. 8 m. M was prepared and the following equation (1) was used to calculate the required weight: • Concentration (mole) = (mass (g)) / (Molecular weight (g / mol) × volume (liter))

Results of nanomaterial tests • By changing the color of the prepared Gold Salt solutions, the formation gold nanoparticles prepared using the Ar jet method was modified the solution color changes due to the reaction process to purple color • The UV-Visible absorption spectra of the colloidal gold nanoparticles as a function of exposure time shown in Figure 1. The maximum absorption at 520 -525 nm which mean the particles size were less than 20 nm Figure (2). Visible ultraviolet spectra of Au. NPS prepared using jet plasma as a function of exposure time.

$• Figure 3 illustrates the X-ray diffraction patterns of dried gold particles prepared$

• Figure 3 illustrates the X-ray diffraction patterns of dried gold particles prepared using Jet Plasma as a of exposure time of the plasma system. The results of X-ray diffraction pattern tests showed a diffraction pattern from gold nanoparticles with a fcc crystalline structure. The peak of XRD 2θ is 38. 18 degrees, and 44. 44 degrees. It can be traced to 111, 200 crystalline levels, with no other peak that could be attributed to impurities Figure (3). X-ray pattern of Au. NPs prepared using Jet Plasma as a function of exposure time

• Field Effect Scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) image shows (Figure 4) the morphological character of gold nanoparticles synthesized by using Jet Plasma as a function for exposure time 6 min. Figure 3 -a show the image for Au. NPs prepared, was well dispersed with and particle sizes ranging from 9 to 35 nm with spherical shapes which are clearly observed. This SEM image also showed the aggregation of the silver nanoparticles. The particle size of nanoparticles through microscopic electron microscopy images, which approximates the values obtained from X-ray diffraction measurements Figure (4). Images of the electron microscope FESEM penetrating gold nanoparticles prepared using jet plasma as a function of exposure time (6 min)

In vivo study to Observing the effect of gold nanoparticles on the mineral blood: • The study was made on 20 adult female rats and was divided into 4 groups, each group contains 5 rats, dosed to three doses (130, 260, 520) ppm. The weight of each rat was measured before doses (and considered a zeroth day) before any dosed phase and the weight calculation continued throughout the study period to calculate the relative weight of each group by applying equation • Also, the percentage of (Ca, Fe, Na, Cl, and K) in blood for each animal and of each group is measured prior to the doses, figure (5). The control group is the fourth group. The time between one dose and another was 24 hours, 3 days a week. This dose is repeated for 2 consecutive weeks. After the dose cycle, blood was drawn directly from all animals (of all groups) and mineral blood levels were measured in the blood (Ca, Fe, Na, Cl, K). The calculation was repeated regularly over 4 weeks and the rate of increment or decrement in the blood mineral levels were measured

A B Figure (5). Adult female rats illustrate a- the method of drawing blood b- the doses gold nanoparticles method

As shown in figures (6 to 10) the levels of (Ca, Fe) increased, while the level of (Na, K, Cl) decreased during the two weeks of Au NPs doses. After the Au. NPs doses has ended, the levels of all minerals returned to its previous level (or near to), the decreased mineral increased and vice versa. The difference between the mineral level on zeroth day and the 30 th day was depended on the Au NPs doses. Figure (6). The level of Ca in blood

Figure (7). The level of Fe in blood Figure (8). The level of Na in blood

Figure (9). The level of K in blood Figure (10). The level of Na in blood

RMW ratios were calculated, equation (1), which is represented by rats weight at the ith day relative to rats weight of zeroth day. Maximum relative weight ratio was given by the Au. NPs of 520 ppm, it is equal to 158%, the Au. NPs 130, 260 ppm are gave ratios equal to 134% and 139% respectively, while the ratio of control group became 140. 6% after 30 days. Figure (11) exhibits the experiments of RMR. Figure (11). Relative Rats weight during 30 days

Conclusion • Gold nanomaterials are manufactured using cold plasma in an easy and fast way, and this material is used for medical and biological applications. Au. NPs has a significant positive effect of many mineral elements in the body , the Na and K the effect direct on the maintenance of blood pressure and , therefore by studying the Au. NPs on Those elements, and from observing the results, give the nanoparticles a positive indication and a promising future in its use for treating blood pressure. As for the iron component, and by increasing the percentage of the element in the blood because of the Au. NPs, it gives a positive indication of the use of Nanaparticles to treat anemia, and increase Ca level this inducator treat joint diseases and bone reconstruction , through what we have observed the effect of nanoparticles on a very positive effect Consider the use of Au. NPs and in all seriousness in the treatment of many diseases.