Title The MichelsonMorley Experiment 1 Light enters an

Title: The Michelson-Morley Experiment 1. Light enters an unknown medium and its speed decreases to 2. 4 x 108 ms-1. What is the refractive index of this unknown medium? 2. What is the phase difference of the waves at the first minima of the interference pattern in the double slit experiment? 3. A source of monochromatic light has a wavelength of 690 nm. The light is passed through two slits which are 3 mm apart and the resulting interference pattern is displayed on a screen 2 m from the slits. What would be expect the distance between the first two bright fringes to be? 4. An electron deexcites from the 2 nd energy level (-4. 2 e. V) to ground state (-13. 6 e. V) emitting a photon. What is the wavelength of this emitted photon? 5. A 9. 0 V battery with an internal resistance of 1. 4 is connected in series with a resistor. The resistor draws a current of 2. 6 A. What is the terminal p. d. of the battery?

Lesson Objectives C-B Describe what the premise of an ‘ether’ was and why it was postulated. A-A* Describe the key components of the Michelson-Morley experiment and explain how this could lead to confirmation of an ‘Ether’. A*+ Describe the outcome of the Michelson-Morley experiment and its consequences for our understanding of the Ether and Light.

Title: Special Relativity 1 1. How far from its original position will a ball land if it has an initial velocity of 33 ms -1 and is hit at an angle of 15 o to the horizontal? 2. A random Baryon has quark composition uus. What is the charge on this Baryon (as a multiple of e)? 3. What is the difference in wavelength between the 4 th and 7 th harmonic on a string fixed at both ends as a multiple of the length of the string L? 4. A sample of the radioactive isotope scandium-48 contains 1. 2 x 1024 nuclei. It has an activity of 5. 3 x 1018 Bq. Determine the half life of scandium in hours. 5. A seal at rest spots a ferry and swims away with a constant acceleration. Calculate the speed of the seal after it has travelled 54. 0 m in 41. 0 seconds.

Lesson Objectives C-B A-A* A*+ State and describe Einstein's postulates. Use the time dilation equation to give the experience of time relative to an observer. Derive the equation for time dilation.

Worked Example An observer A, travelling on a train at a constant speed of 80% of the speed of light, switches on a torch for exactly 3 s as the train passes through a station. Another person B, standing stationary on the platform, records the same event but for a longer time. What time does B record?

Title: Special Relativity 2 – Length Contraction 1. What are Einstein’s 2 postulates? 2. An 1800 W kettle transfers 60 000 J of energy per minute. What is the efficiency of the kettle? 3. Calculate the magnitude of the electric potential at a point 6. 0 x 10 -10 m away from an electron. 4. Sketch the velocity time graph for a ball being thrown directly up in the air and falling back down to the ground. 5. The half life of a muon is 1. 5µs. What percentage of a sample of muons would you expect to remain after 6. 7µs?

Lesson Objectives C-B A-A* A*+ Recall and describe Einstein's postulates. Use the length contraction equation to determine changes in lesson when observations are made in different inertial frames of reference Consider the consequences of time dilation and length contraction on muon decay

Worked Example Observer A, on a moving train travelling at a uniform speed of 0. 85 c, measures the length of the carriage to be 15 m. Determine the length of the carriage for an observer B standing on the platform as the train moves through the station.

Title: Mass- Energy 1. A ball of mass 0. 65 kg moving at 4. 3 ms-1 collides with a larger stationary ball of mass 2. 3 kg. The smaller ball rebound in the opposite direction at a speed of 2. 4 ms-1. a. What is the velocity of the larger ball after the collision? b. Is the collision elastic or in elastic? 2. The time base on the oscilloscope trace is set to 2 ms. What is the frequency of the signal? 3. A photon produces a neutron-antineutron pair by pair production. What must be the maximum wavelength of this photon? 4. Calculate the speed a proton must go at to have the same wavelength as an electron travelling at 3. 50 x 106 ms-1.

Lesson Objectives C-B Understand that mass and energy are equivalent and can be expressed with the same units (e. g. e. V) A-A* Describe how the relativistic mass of a body increases as it approaches the speed of light and calculate it A*+ Explain the Bertozzi experiment and describe the consequences this had for Special relativity.

Worked Example The rest energy of a muon is 106 Me. V. Determine the kinetic energy of a muon travelling at 0. 9994 c.