Title Coordinated coexistence between wireless networks deployed in

Title: Coordinated coexistence between wireless networks deployed in adjacent frequency allocations Document Number: S 802. 16 m-08/604 Date Submitted: July 16, 2008 Source: Mariana Goldhamer Voice: +972 3 645 6241 ALVARION 21 a Ha. Barzel Street, Tel Aviv, Israel mariana. goldhamer@alvarion. com Venue: Session #56, 15 -18 July, 2008 Base Document: C 802. 16 m-08/604 Purpose: Notice This document does not represent the agreed views of the IEEE 802. 16 Working Group or any of its subgroups. It represents only the views of the participants listed in the “Source(s)” field above. It is offered as a basis for discussion. It is not binding on the contributor(s), who reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release: The contributor grants a free, irrevocable license to the IEEE to incorporate material contained in this contribution, and any modifications thereof, in the creation of an IEEE Standards publication; to copyright in the IEEE’s name any IEEE Standards publication even though it may include portions of this contribution; and at the IEEE’s sole discretion to permit others to reproduce in whole or in part the resulting IEEE Standards publication. The contributor also acknowledges and accepts that this contribution may be made public by IEEE 802. 16. Patent Policy: The contributor is familiar with the IEEE-SA Patent Policy and Procedures: < http: //standards. ieee. org/guides/bylaws/sect 67. html#6> and <http: //standards. ieee. org/guides/opman/sect 6. html#6. 3>. Further information is located at <http: //standards. ieee. org/board/pat-material. html > and <http: //standards. ieee. org/board/pat >.

Scope • Resolve the harmful interference by coordinated scheduling in a Coexistence Frame (CX-Frame) – FDD / TDD collocated systems • Examples: – LTE FDD / 802. 16 TDD – 802. 16 FDD / 802. 16 TDD – TDD / TDD systems using different frame durations • Examples: – LTE – 802. 16 / 802. 11 in adjacent frequency bands

Interference scenarios • SS to SS – • Most problematic case: Small separation distance between SSs, because the RF filters may be inefficient or inexistent for SSs operating in adjacent frequency channels or frequency bands. SS to BS/Relay – • Most problematic case: Small cell deployments, where the distance between a foreign SS and a BS might be small. BS/Relay to BS/Relay – • Most problematic case: Co-located TDD-FDD wireless networks (WCDMA and 802. 16 m or LTE and 802. 16) or un-sync TDD (LTE and 802. 16 m). BS/Relay to SS – Most problematic case: in small cell deployments, where the distance between a foreign SS and a BS might be small.

Basic principles • Time separation of the interfering radios – One works, the other is silent • Protected allocation – Implies Frame synchronization • Not everything interference with everything – Licensed bands – Large cell sizes • Statistical probability of harmful interference is reduced – Un-protected allocations • Used in common

Simplest approach to resolve FDD LTE and 802. 16 TDD interference LTE Frame (FDD) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Protected allocation #1 FDD LTE Silence Protected allocation #1 16 m TDD 16 m Frame 4 (TDD) Protected allocation #2 FDD LTE 16 m Frame 1 (TDD) Silence 16 m Frame 2 (TDD) CCXF • Operational time of each network: 50% • Resolves all the possible scenarios Silence Protected allocation #2 16 m TDD 16 m Frame 3 (TDD)

Improved spectral efficiency to resolve FDD LTE and 802. 16 TDD interference LTE Frame 1 1 11 1 1 1 0 1 2 3 4 56 7 8 9 Protected allocation FDD LTE Silence Un-protected allocation FDD LTE Silence Protected allocation 16 m TDD Un-protected allocation 802. 16 TDD 16 m Frame 4 16 m Frame 1 16 m Frame 2 16 m Frame 3 CCXF • Operational time of each network: 75% • Resolves all the possible scenarios within the protected allocations

Resolving only BS-BS and SS-SS interference LTE Frame BS Tx, SS Rx SS Tx, BS Rx 0 1 2 3 4 5 Silence 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 1 2 3 4 56 7 8 9 16 m only Silence 6 7 8 9 1 1 1 1 1 Silence 6 protecte 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 56 7 8 9 d alloc. Protected allocation #1 FDD BS Tx, SS Rx Silence Un-protected allocation #1 FDD BS Tx/SS Rx Protected allocation #1 FDD SS Tx, BS Rx Un-protected allocation #1 FDD BS Tx/SS Rx Protected allocation #1 16 m TDD 16 m Frame 1 BS Tx, SS Rx SS Tx Protected allocation #2 FDD BS Tx, SS Rx Silence Un-protected allocation #1 TDD 16 m Frame 2 BS Tx, SS Rx SS Tx 1 1 11 1 0 1 2 3 4 56 7 8 9 Silence Un-protected allocation #2 FDD Protected allocation #2 FDD SS Tx, BS Rx Un-protected allocation #2 FDD BS Tx/SS Rx Protected allocation #2 16 m TDD 16 m Frame 3 BS Tx, SS Rx 1 1 11 1 0 1 2 3 4 56 7 8 9 SS Tx Un-protected allocation #2 TDD 16 m Frame 4 SS Tx BS Tx, SS Rx CCXF • Medium occupancy: 80% for the FDD BS, 70% for the FDD SS and 100% for TDD BS and SS

Resolving only SS-SS interference LTE FDD / 802. 16 TDD LTE Frame FDD, BS Tx, SS Rx FDD, SS Tx, BS Rx TDD 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Silence Protected allocation #1 FDD BS Tx, SS Rx Silence 6 7 8 9 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Un-protected allocation #1 FDD BS Tx/SS Rx Protected allocation #1 FDD SS Tx, BS Rx Protected allocation #1 16 m TDD 16 m Frame 1 BS Tx, SS Rx 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 SS Tx, BS Rx Silence Protected allocation #2 FDD BS Tx, SS Rx Un-protected allocation #1 FDD Un-protected allocation #1 TDD 16 m Frame 2 BS Tx, SS Rx SS Tx, BS Rx Silence 1 1 1 1 1 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Un-protected allocation #2 FDD Protected allocation #2 FDD SS Tx, BS Rx Protected allocation #2 16 m TDD 16 m Frame 3 BS Tx, SS Rx CCXF • Silence is inserted only for FDD SS MS Tx, BS Rx Un-protected allocation #2 FDD Un-protected allocation #2 TDD 16 m Frame 4 BS Tx, SS Rx SS Tx, BS Rx

Resolving only SS-SS interference 802. 16 FDD / 802. 16 TDD 802. 16 Frame FDD, BS Tx, SS Rx FDD, SS Tx, BS Rx TDD 16 m Frame 2 BS Tx, SS Rx 16 m Frame 1 BS Tx, SS Rx Silence 16 m Frame 1 SS Tx Protected allocation #1 FDD BS Tx, MS Rx Silence 16 m Frame 2 BS Tx, SS Rx Silence Un-protected allocation #1 FDD BS Tx/SS Rx Protected allocation #1 FDD SS Tx, BS Rx Protected allocation #1 16 m TDD 16 m Frame 1 BS Tx, SS Rx 16 m Frame 3 BS Tx, SS Rx MS Tx Un-protected allocation #1 FDD BS Tx/SS Rx Un-protected allocation #1 TDD 16 m Frame 2 BS Tx, SS Rx MS Tx CCXF 16 m Frame 4 BS Tx, SS Rx 16 m Frame 3 SS Tx Protected allocation #2 FDD BS Tx, SS Rx Silence Un-protected allocation #2 FDD Protected allocation #2 FDD SS Tx, BS Rx Protected allocation #2 16 m TDD 16 m Frame 3 BS Tx, SS Rx 16 m Frame 4 BS Tx, SS Rx MS Tx Un-protected allocation #2 FDD BS Tx/SS Rx Un-protected allocation #2 TDD 16 m Frame 4 BS Tx, SS Rx MS Tx

LTE TDD/ 802. 16 TDD LTE TDD Frame, Config. 4 BS Tx, SS Rx SF 0 SF 2 SF 3 SF 4 SF 5 SF 6 SF 7 SF 8 SF 9 SF 0 SS Tx, BS Rx SF 2 SF 3 SF 4 SF 5 SF 6 SF 7 SF 8 SF 9 16 m only protected alloc. Protected allocation #1 SS Tx, BS Tx BS Rx, SS Rx LTE and 802. 16 m BS Tx Fr 3 MS Tx Frame 3 16 m Frame 4 BS Tx, SS Rx 802. 16 m Unprotected alloc. #1 MS Tx Frame 4 Protected allocation #2 SS Tx, BS Tx BS Rx, SS Rx LTE and 802. 16 m Frame 1 BS Tx, SS Rx MS Tx Frame 1 16 m Frame 2 BS Tx, SS Rx Un-protected allocation #2 MS Tx Frame 2 CCXF • Most of the operation time is protected – Was used LTE TDD config. 4 (10 ms, 2 slots UL, 7 slots DL, 1 slot sync. ) BS Tx Fr 3

Cognitive information related to CCXF • CCXF has elements of cognitive information – periodicity of the CCXF: 20 ms – duration and position of the intervals allocated for the TDD protected operation (relative to CCXF start) – DL/UL split (if it is permanent, can be known). • An un-synchronized system can use the cognitive information related to the CCXF structure at its location for achieving synchronization • TDD systems are the best positioned to use the cognitive properties of the CXCF, due to the reciprocity the medium: for example, if and SS creates interference to another SS, it will also be an interference victim • FDD SS will suffer from receiver blocking in a large part of the band – The RF filters are not sharp enough

Harmful TDD interference experienced by SS within un-synchronized FDD network LTE Frame 1 1 1 1 19 1 1 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 Protected allocation #1 16 m TDD 16 m Frame 1 BS/RS Tx, SS Rx SS Tx, BS Rx Un-protected allocation #1 TDD 16 m Frame 2 BS/RS Tx, SS Rx SS Tx, BS Rx 1 1 16 1 1 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 4 5 7 8 9 Protected allocation #2 16 m TDD 16 m Frame 3 BS/RS Tx, SS Rx SS Tx, BS Rx Un-protected allocation #2 TDD 16 m Frame 3 BS/RS Tx, SS Rx SS Tx, BS Rx CCXF • Blue areas show the super-position of the SS receive slots affected by interference

Text for SDD • In C 802. 16 m/08 -604