THURSDAY 101 BELL WORK 101 Name the 3

THURSDAY 10/1

BELL WORK 10/1 Name the 3 subatomic particles, their charges and location in an atom. Compare the masses of each subatomic particle.

10/1 TO-DO 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Bellwork History of atomic theory matching Benefits and limitations of the atomic models Draw an atom on notebook paper showing the subatomic particles The Atoms Family Album worksheet What is an element? notes Edgenuity Periodic Table notes – please finish the warm-up, instruction and summary for homework if not done in class. * Anote key will be posted to classroom connect.

HISTORY OF ATOMIC THEORY MATCHING-ANSWERS • • • 1. F 2. C 3. E 4. A 5. B 6. D

BENEFITS AND LIMITATIONS OF HISTORIC ATOMIC MODELS

DALTON Benefit • This model correctly says that all matter is made of atoms and atoms are too small to see Limitation • Dalton’s model doesn’t show the subatomic particles (protons, neutrons, electrons)

THOMSON Benefit • This model correctly says that atoms are made of a positively charged substance with negatively charged electrons throughout. Limitation • Thomson’s model didn’t show the location of the protons or electrons correctly.

RUTHERFORD Benefit • This model correctly says that atoms have a small, dense, positively charged center surrounded by mostly open space. Limitation • Thomson’s model didn’t show the location of the protons or electrons correctly.

BOHR Benefit • This model says correctly that atoms move in orbits around the nucleus. Limitation • Bohr’s model says that electrons move in particular orbits at a certain distance around the nucleus. While it is true that electrons orbit the nucleus, they do not stay in 1 particular orbit all the time.

MODERN CLOUD THEORY Benefit • This model correctly says that electrons move at high speed around the nucleus (in the cloud. ) Limitation • The modern cloud theory can only estimate where an electron will be at any one time.

WHAT IS AN ELEMENT? • An element is a substance made up of only one type of atom. • Elements are called pure substances because they are made of only one type of atom and can’t be broken down. • Elements are basically the same atom that have been stuck together enough to form something large enough for us to observe directly or by using technology.

WHAT IS AN ELEMENT? • A limited number of elements make up the Earth. • When two or more different elements combine a compound is formed.

ELEMENTS AND THE PERIODIC TABLE • Elements are arranged in a specific order in the Periodic Table. • This order gives you information about the properties of each element.

ELEMENTS AND THE PERIODIC TABLE • Elements are identified in the periodic table by their symbol and /or atomic number. Ga stands for Gallium. The atomic number is the top number =31

ELEMENTS AND THE PERIODIC TABLE • The atomic number tells you the number of protons in that type of atoms nucleus. • Atoms are neutral (no overall charge) so the number of protons (atomic number) is equal to the number of electrons. • The Periodic Table shows all of the known elements and lists them in order of increasing atomic number. Ga stands for Gallium. The atomic number is the top number =31 This means that Gallium has 31 protons in the nucleus, 31 electrons in the electron cloud.

ELEMENTS AND THE PERIODIC TABLE • The mass number is the bottom number. • The mass number is equal to the number of protons + neutrons in the nucleus. • The mass number for Gallium is 69. 72 amu • To find the number of neutrons in Gallium: • Number of neutrons= rounded mass number−atomic number • Number of neutrons = 70 – 31 • Number of neutrons= 39

ELEMENTS AND THE PERIODIC TABLE Ga stands for Gallium. The atomic number is the top number =31 This means that Gallium has 31 protons and 39 neutrons in the nucleus, 31 electrons in the electron cloud.

MODEL THESE ELEMENTS USING PLAY-DOH AND YOUR ATOMIC MODEL PAPER • Pick one color play-doh to represent the: • electrons • Protons • Neutrons Create small balls that represent the mass differences between the particles and arrange them on you atomic model paper. For example the balls representing protons and neutrons would be the same size, but the electron ball would be much smaller.

MODEL THESE ELEMENTS USING PLAY-DOH AND YOUR ATOMIC MODEL PAPER • Atomic number = 1 • 1 proton • 1 electron • Mass number (bottom number) rounds to 1. Number of neutrons= rounded mass number−atomic number Number of neutrons = 1 – 1=0 neutrons

MODEL THESE ELEMENTS USING PLAY-DOH AND YOUR ATOMIC MODEL PAPER • Atomic number = 2 • 2 proton • 2 electron • Mass number (bottom number) rounds to 4. Number of neutrons= rounded mass number−atomic number Number of neutrons = 4 – 2=2 neutrons

MODEL THESE ELEMENTS USING PLAY-DOH AND YOUR ATOMIC MODEL PAPER • Atomic number = 3 • 3 proton • 3 electron • Mass number (bottom number) rounds to 7. Number of neutrons= rounded mass number−atomic number Number of neutrons = 7 – 3=4 neutrons

MODEL THESE ELEMENTS USING DRY ERASE MARKERS AND YOUR ATOMIC MODEL PAPER • Atomic number = 6 • 6 proton • 6 electron • Mass number (bottom number) rounds to 12. Number of neutrons= rounded mass number−atomic number Number of neutrons = 12 – 6= 6 neutrons

MODEL THESE ELEMENTS USING DRY ERASE MARKERS AND YOUR ATOMIC MODEL PAPER • Atomic number = 5 • 5 proton • 5 electron • Mass number (bottom number) rounds to 11. Number of neutrons= rounded mass number−atomic number Number of neutrons = 11 – 5= 6 neutrons

MODEL THESE ELEMENTS USING DRY ERASE MARKERS AND YOUR ATOMIC MODEL PAPER • Atomic number = 11 • 11 proton • 11 electron • Mass number (bottom number) rounds to 23. Number of neutrons= rounded mass number−atomic number Number of neutrons = 23– 11= 12 neutrons

IONS AND ISOTOPES • An ion is an atom or group of atoms with a positive or negative charge. • An isotope is an atom that has the number of protons but a number of neutrons than other atoms of the same element.