THROW Pattern PUSH Pattern n n proximal segments

THROW Pattern PUSH Pattern n n proximal segments in front of projectile with distal segments behind projectile sequential for v curvilinear path mostly wheel-axle n n all segments behind projectile pushing the projectile or load simultaneous for F n n rectilinear path mostly lever motions

Movement Patterns - Related Skills

Constraints: Throw/Push Continuum Mass of projectile n Volume/Size of projectile n Shape/Profile of projectile n Target Area for projectile n Strength/Power of person n Skill of person n

OPEN Kinetic Chain CLOSED n Throw or Kick n Jump or Push or Pull n End Segment Free [e. g. hand, foot] n End Segment Restrained [e. g. foot, hand] n sequential movement of body segments n simultaneous movement of body segments

Throwlike Patterns n 1. Proximal Parts Move First n 2. Distal Parts Lag Behind n 3. Achieve either : maximum distance [ HORZ or VERT ] OR maximum velocity

Fig J. 1 page 338 1. segment A is accelerated which gives L to entire system: segments A, B, and C 2. A rotates cw while B and C lag behind 3. A is THEN decelerated by muscle T 4. To conserve L, B accelerates cw THEN decelerates, C then accelerates cw

Transfer L to arm by reducing/stoppi ng L in shoulders

End Point v due to decreasing r n n See FIG. J. 1 on page 338 x L= mk² initial k is from axis “a” to top of segment C when segment A decelerates, the k changes to the distance from axis “b” to top of segment C when segment B decelerates, the k changes to the distance from axis “c” to top of segment C

v=r n final velocity of hand or foot or implement @ release/impact determines projectile v n r = d from the axis of rotation [e. g. joint] and the contact point of release/impact n see FIG J. 12 on page 352 with regard to r

Kinetic Link Characteristics system of linked segments with a fixed base and a free open end n more massive segments @ proximal end n least massive segments @ distal end n n initial motion caused by T applied to base n T gives entire system L L= mk² x OR L = I

Sequential Motions n n 1. proximal/massive segments move first giving L to entire system 2. external T decelerates proximal segments 3. to conserve L, next segment, which is less massive, accelerates with rotation now occurring about a new axis and a smaller k 4. Each successive segment/link accelerates achieving than previous segment due to both m and k getting progressively smaller

Airborne Reaction Rotation n See FIG 15. 16 on page 514 n VB spiker abducts hip and/or flexes knees to I (I = mk²) in lower extremities n turntable demo

Lever Motions Wheel-Axle n Flexion/Extension n Medial/Lateral Rotate n Protraction/Retrac tion n Pronate/Supinate n Inversion/Eversio n n Abduction/Adducti on

Wheel-Axle Motions n muscle T rotates a bone which becomes an axle n the wheel is the adjacent segment positioned at an angle to the axle n n the wheel r (radius) is modified via flexion/extension or adduction/abduction see FIG J. 6 on page 346 and FIG J. 12 on page 352

THROW / PUSH for Speed and Accuracy FIG J. 8 page 349 FIG J. 10 page 350