THREE TIER MOBILE COMPUTING ARCHITECTURE 1 12282021 Presentation

THREE TIER MOBILE COMPUTING ARCHITECTURE 1 12/28/2021

Presentation tier �This is the topmost level of the application. The presentation tier displays information related to such services as browsing merchandise, purchasing, and shopping cart contents. It communicates with other tiers by outputting results to the browser/client tier and all other tiers in the network. Application tier (business logic, logic tier, data access tier, or middle tier) �The logic tier controls an application’s functionality by performing detailed processing. Data tier �This tier consists of database servers. Here information is stored and retrieved. This tier keeps 12/28/2021 2 data neutral and independent from application

Design considerations for mobile computing � 1. Content with context awareness � 2. content switch on context � 3. content transcoding on context. 3 12/28/2021

�Build each application with context awareness �Different services for different client context(devices) �Example: �Bank decides to offer mobile banking application through internet, PDA and mobile using WAP. �These services are different like �http: //www. mybank. com/palm. html �http: //www. mybank. com/inet. html 12/28/2021 4 �http: //www. mybank. com/wap. wml

�Another way is to provide intelligence for the application of content within the service. �This adaption happens transparent to the client �http: //www. mybank. com/ �An intelligent piece of code identifies the agent to decide what type of device or content it is. ? 5 12/28/2021

�Provide middleware platform that perform the adaption of the content. �It identify the context either from HTML or XML or other… �Middleware platform transcode the code from html to xml and wml on the fly 6 12/28/2021

Continue. . �The mobile computing environment needs to be context independent as well as context sensitive. Context information is related to the environment. �The term context means all the information that helps to determine the state of the object. �In a mobile computing environment the context data is captured so that decisions can be made about how to adapt content or behavior to suit this context. 7 12/28/2021

Continue. . Client context Manager We need a client context manager to gather & maintain information pertaining to the client device, user, network and the surrounding environment. � Mobile computing applications are needs to operate in dynamic conditions which is due to different network conditions. � 8 12/28/2021

�Most applications developed for Web access by keeping large screen and browser in mind. �So therefore a context manager is need to maintain the information pertaining to the client device (ie mobile phone ) 9 12/28/2021

�Awareness modules are available are of sensors �Either h/w or s/w or both. �H/W can find the precise location of user �S/W can be used to determine the type of the user agent. �Middleware Is of both. 10 12/28/2021

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Examples of context information 12 12/28/2021

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A system is context-aware if it can extract, interpret and use related information. Context management means 1. Context sensing : the way in which context data is obtained 2. Representation : information stored and transported 3. Interpretation : the way in which meaning is obtained from the context representation. 14 12/28/2021

Composite capabilities/preference profiles �A CC/PP profile is a description of device capabilities and user preferences. This is often referred to as a device's delivery context and can be used to guide the adaptation of content presented to that device. 15 12/28/2021

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�The CC/PP is designed in such a way that an origin or proxy server can perform some sort of content to device matching. a. Device sends serialized profile with request for content. b. Origin server received Resource Description Framework (RDF) & convert it into a memory model. c. Document is retrieved as per request. d. Representation of doc is chosen. 17 12/28/2021

Policy manager : �The role of policy manager is to create a set of rules needed to be followed under different conditions. �Responsible for controlling policies related to mobility. �Roles: �Permission �Prohibition. �Authentication etc…. . 18 12/28/2021

Semantic Web : �The Semantic Web is a collaborative movement led by the World Wide Web Consortium (W 3 C)that promotes common formats for data on the WWW �By encouraging the inclusion of semantic content in web pages, the Semantic Web aims at converting the current web of unstructured into a "web of data". It builds on the W 3 C's Resource Description Framework(RDF). 19 12/28/2021

Security Manager : Provides secure connection between client device and a server. Depending on the policies of an organization. It includes : a. Confidentiality : nobody will able to see message. b. Integrity : cant change any part of message 20 12/28/2021

Continue. C. Availability: nobody will be able to stop the service D. Non-repudiation – identification of user, nobody can claim the system E. Trust : there are complex issues of knowing what resources, services or agents to trust. 21 12/28/2021

Platform for privacy preference project(P 3 P) �The Platform for Privacy Preferences Project (P 3 P) enables Websites to express their privacy practices in a standard format that can be retrieved automatically and interpreted easily by user agents. � P 3 P user agents will allow users to be informed of site practices (in both machineand human-readable formats) and to automate decision-making based on these practices when appropriate. Thus users need not read the privacy policies at every site they 12/28/2021 22 visit. Have a look at the list of P 3 P software.

Adaptability Manager �It is responsible for adapting content, behavior and other aspects according to context and policy. Content adaptation and Transcoding It checks : �Physical capabilities of the device : screen size, pixels. Color etc. . �Logical capabilities of the device : video, audio… �Network effect : bandwidth 12/28/2021 23 �Payload : total amounts of bits that can

Content rating and Filtering PICS(Platform for Internet Content Selection) �Digital signature : authentication �Intellectual property rights management �Privacy �Personalization Content aggregation �OEM(Original Equipment Manufacturer) creates content for their devices. 24 12/28/2021

Seamless Communication Collaboration with the GSM, CDMA etc which provide �Authentication �Authorization �Billing charges �End to end data security �Roaming �Session migration �IP mobility 25 12/28/2021

Autonomous Computing �Self configurable �Self optimization �Self healing �Self protecting �Self upgradable 26 12/28/2021

Content Aware Systems Description of information : �Location information : include cell structure and cell ID. �Device information : EIR(equipment identity register), IMEI number (International mobile equipment identity) �Network information : GSM or GPRS �User information : SIM �Environment information : surroundings 27 12/28/2021