Thirty Years War Thirty Years War Happened in

  • Slides: 17
Download presentation
Thirty Years War

Thirty Years War

Thirty Years War • Happened in Holy Roman Empire – Last and most destructive

Thirty Years War • Happened in Holy Roman Empire – Last and most destructive religious war • Sacrifice ALL for religious beliefs and political power • Politics & Religion – Catholics vs. Protestants – Calvinists vs. Lutherans • Shaped Europe as we know it – Everyone was involved directly or indirectly

Preconditions for War 1. Fragmented Germany – 360 political entities • Opposed consolidation by

Preconditions for War 1. Fragmented Germany – 360 political entities • Opposed consolidation by HRE – Ruler ONLY rules by force – Peace of Augsburg (1555) • Cuius regio, eius religio – Catholic, Lutheran and Calvin (not recognized by Peace of Augsburg) Is this political or religious?

2. Religious Division – HRE: Equal Catholics and Protestants • Peace of Augsburg: Equal

2. Religious Division – HRE: Equal Catholics and Protestants • Peace of Augsburg: Equal territory – Territory rivalry increased tension – Lutherans had more rights in Catholic territories • Catholics had less right in Lutheran areas – Protestants were fighting against each other • Conservative vs. liberal Is this political or religious?

3. Calvinism – Lutheran's feared Calvinism • Why? Threatened by Peace of Augsburg Is

3. Calvinism – Lutheran's feared Calvinism • Why? Threatened by Peace of Augsburg Is this political or religious? 4. Maximilian (Bavaria) and the Catholic League – Builds army (Jesuits) for counter Reformation Is this political or religious?

Four Phases of the War • • • Bohemia Danish Swedish-French Why? – Between

Four Phases of the War • • • Bohemia Danish Swedish-French Why? – Between countries with radically different and opposing political AND religious agendas – HRE Emperor Ferdinand

Bohemia Period • 1618 -1625 – Began as nobility against king (Political) – Became

Bohemia Period • 1618 -1625 – Began as nobility against king (Political) – Became Calvinists vs. Catholics (Ferdinand) • Calvinists demanded more freedom from Habsburg Ruler Ferdinand – Ferdinand revoked religious freedoms • Protestant response: threw two of Ferdinand’s regents out a window

Danish Period • 1625 -1629 – Denmark (Protestant) vs. Ferdinand (Catholic) • King Christian

Danish Period • 1625 -1629 – Denmark (Protestant) vs. Ferdinand (Catholic) • King Christian IV of Denmark tried to bring Protestantism to Germany – Forced out by Maximilian • Ferdinand issued the Edict of Restitution – Outlawed Calvinism • Why? Political Self-interest

Swedish Period • Sweden helped Protestants win the battle of Breitenfeld • Sweden refused

Swedish Period • Sweden helped Protestants win the battle of Breitenfeld • Sweden refused to join the Peace of Prague Agreement – Compromise between German Protestants and Ferdinand

Swedish – French Period • Final phase • French, Swedish and Spanish soldiers vs.

Swedish – French Period • Final phase • French, Swedish and Spanish soldiers vs. Germany – Very destructive • Why did they fight? – Less religion, more warfare – Political agenda drove conflict • Overshadowed religious issues

The Treaty of Westphalia • 1648 • Results – Stopped Ferdinand’s Edict of Restitution

The Treaty of Westphalia • 1648 • Results – Stopped Ferdinand’s Edict of Restitution – Recognized Calvinists – National Independence (changed the map of Europe) • Holland Swiss Confederacy – German rulers were supreme rulers over THEIR principality – Protestantism had legal protection • Negative – Increased Germany’s internal, religious division and political weakness

Homework • NOTES: England Spain • Bring book Monday!!

Homework • NOTES: England Spain • Bring book Monday!!

The Thirty Years War 1618 1648 The ThirtyThe Thirty Years War 1618 1648 The Thirty
THIRTY YEARS WAR Question How did the ThirtyTHIRTY YEARS WAR Question How did the Thirty
The Thirty Years War 1618 1648 The ThirtyThe Thirty Years War 1618 1648 The Thirty
The Thirty Years War 1618 1648 The ThirtyThe Thirty Years War 1618 1648 The Thirty
The Thirty Years War Chapter 15 V ThirtyThe Thirty Years War Chapter 15 V Thirty
The Thirty Years War Lets contextualize the WarThe Thirty Years War Lets contextualize the War
The Thirty Years War Lets contextualize the WarThe Thirty Years War Lets contextualize the War
ReligiousSecular War Thirty Years Wars 1618 1648 SocialReligiousSecular War Thirty Years Wars 1618 1648 Social
The Thirty Years War 1618 1648 The DisintegrationThe Thirty Years War 1618 1648 The Disintegration
The Thirty Years War 1618 1648 The DisintegrationThe Thirty Years War 1618 1648 The Disintegration
The Thirty Years War 1618 1648 Warm UpThe Thirty Years War 1618 1648 Warm Up
The Thirty Years War 1618 1648 The FIRSTThe Thirty Years War 1618 1648 The FIRST
Lesson 9 Thirty Years War and THE GERMANSLesson 9 Thirty Years War and THE GERMANS
Unit 2 The new Thirty Years War ChUnit 2 The new Thirty Years War Ch
The Thirty Years War Agenda 1 Bell RingerThe Thirty Years War Agenda 1 Bell Ringer
The Thirty Years War 1618 48 Compare andThe Thirty Years War 1618 48 Compare and