Thinking Like A Scientist Introduction to the Scientific

Thinking Like A Scientist Introduction to the Scientific Method & Claim – Evidence - Reasoning (CER)

Scientific Method Take a minute to write down the order of the scientific method. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Observation Question (followed by gathering info) Hypothesis Experimentation Data Collection Analyzing Results Conclusion All scientists begin a research project with the same curious intention… they ask WHY and HOW a natural phenomenon occurs. Natural phenomenon- something that is observed to happen or exist

Questions to answer during this activity: I notice ___________________ This happens due to ________ , _____ It causes ___________________ This is a problem because ____________ How are scientists testing this? __________ How could I test this? ______________

Stop Video: 0: 07 https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=4 e. Qd. Cv. HMY-U

Construct a model (picture) of cough droplet movement after a HEAVY cough.

Compare: your model to the scientists’ model. Use a different color to show differences. Predict: How far can cough droplets move in: 2 seconds? _______ 12 seconds? ______ 41 seconds? ______ Start: 0: 07 - Stop at 0: 55 https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=4 e. Qd. Cv. HMY-U

Construct a model (picture) of cough droplet movement after a LIGHT cough.

Compare: your model to the scientists’ model. Use a different color to show differences. Describe (in words): 2 differences you saw between a light and heavy cough. Identify : Three phenomena that effect the distance cough droplets will travel: 1. ______ 2. _____ 3. _____ Start: 0: 55 - Stop at 1: 55 https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=4 e. Qd. Cv. HMY-U

Thinking Like A Scientist Now that you’ve observed the phenomenon and the problem with cough droplet movement that could contain covid-19 virus and infect other people nearby, propose a solution to the problem. The most realistic and feasible solution is to wear a face mask. ● Create a hypothesis about the effect of cough droplet movement when wearing a face mask. *Use the “If… then…” format for writing a hypothesis ● Construct a third model (picture) hypothesizing the movement of cough droplets with a face mask being worn.

Describe (in words): two differences wearing a mask has on the movement of droplets. 1. ______ 2. _____ Now let’s watch what occurs when a face mask is worn. Start: 1: 55 - Stop at 2: 11 https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=4 e. Qd. Cv. HMY-U

Compare: your model with a face mask to the scientists’ model using the MARK Method to the experiment M= Modify A= Add R= Remove K= Keep Using a different colored pen, highlighter, or marker reevaluate your third model of cough droplets movement while a face mask is worn. You should use each component at least once, some you may use more than once. Now redraw your face mask model according to what you saw in the video. See the next slide and Watch the video to the end 4: 29

Identify the following for this experiment: 1. IV: Independent variable 2. DV: Dependent variable 3. List the things the scientists kept constant, the controlled variables. Watch the Video again if need be. https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=4 e. Qd. Cv. HMY-U

Create a C. E. R. Now let’s make a C. E. R. based on how wearing a face mask redirects movement of cough droplets due to thermal currents. C= Claim E= Evidence R= Reasoning 1. Claim: Make a claim that is based on evidence or knowledge. (one sentence) 2. Evidence: Provide evidence to support, qualify, quantify, or defend a claim 3. Reasoning/Justify: Provide reasoning to explain how that evidence supports or justifies the claim. (should include the natural phenomena, cough droplet movement through the force of the cough, gravity, and thermal currents – where hot air rises, taking droplets with them. )

Now YOU are the scientist! Task: Create an experiment of your own to test the effectiveness of 3 or more masks. Masks should be DIFFERENT: different material, or thicknesses, or mask vs gator, etc. Include 3 pictures and write a CER ranking the masks from Best to Worst. In your reasoning, be sure to site your data and try to explain why your findings make sense. Watch this Bill Nye Tik. Tok Video for ideas. SAFETY Warning: Do not use a candle You will be substituting the candle flame with a fine powder like baby powder, powdered sugar, flour, even ground up dry dirt, or some other light weight substance that you could blow from a Predetermined place and measure the Distance the powder travels. Stop the video at 2: 15 https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=A 0 Ucl. Amrh. VI