Think about the term Frenemies Friends who are

Think about the term “Frenemies” (Friends who are enemies…. enemies who are friends) Have you ever had a “frenemy? ” Have you ever had to work with someone toward a common goal, but did not get along with, like or agree with them? For example…. a group project…. a sports team…OR Fighting WWII? ?

e. Today we will examine how the US and USSR go from “Frenemies” fighting the Nazis to real live enemies in what became known as THE COLD WAR The conflict between these two superpowers would impact the whole world.

New Unit Calendar!

Assignment #1: Cold War Origins 1947 -1991 Key Question: Why was there so much tension between the US and the Soviet Union?

1. Competing ideologies USA USSR Ideology Capitalism Democracy Individualism Ideology Communism Dictatorship Collectivism Post WWII Aims • Reparations • Buffer States • Encourage Communism • Keep Germany divided vs. Economic Recovery – new markets for US goods Protect Democracy A stable Germany

2. World War II bitterness Differing goals of US and USSR -- 1945: Meeting of allied powers at Yalta and Potsdam -- As the Russians moved from the East to defeat the Nazis, they occupied Eastern Europe. Watch “World History Improv Theater” Follow along with assignment sheet Summarize how the post war conferences caused “Post War Bitterness) on question Churchill, Roosevelt, Stalin at Yalta

Soviets establish buffer states. This is called the “Eastern Bloc” WHY?

The “Iron Curtain” DIVISION BETWEEN DEMOCRATIC WESTERN EUROPE AND COMMUNIST EASTERN EUROPE

A. Distrust, Paranoia & Propaganda grow on both sides of Cold War https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=34 Ie. Rgb_-CE 1 -14

Cartoon Reflection A

Cartoon Reflection B

B. Policy of CONTAINMENT - Marshall Plan – money for Western Europe - Truman Doctrine – US intervention in - nations fighting communism

(Economic Strategy) The Marshall Plan, 1948 § Post-war European aid (food, $, infrastructure, etc. ) WHY? Amount of aid received

(Military Strategy) The Truman Doctrine, 1947 -US will support countries that reject communism

Cartoon Reflection #3

C. Early Cold War Conflicts over Germany was divided into Allied and Soviet spheres, and the capital Berlin was also divided, with capitalist West Berlin deep within Soviet zone. UK US France USSR

C. The Berlin Blockade § US and other allies withdraw from occupation zones to form one nation (West Germany) § Stalin blocks supplies from western-controlled Berlin § Berlin airlift (11 months) § Soviets give up

Berlin Blockade The Berlin Airlift

D. The Berlin Wall Goes Up (1961) Checkpoint Charlie

How the CW was fought e. Foreign Aid e. Spying e. Multinational Alliances e. Propaganda e. Brinkmanship – the arms race e“Surrogate Wars”

E. New Military Alliances! § NATO: North Atlantic Treaty Organization § The Warsaw Pact

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (1949) v United States v Belgium v Britain v Canada v Denmark v France v Luxemburg v Netherlands v Norway v Portugal v 1952: Greece & Turkey v Iceland v 1955: West Germany v Italy v 1983: Spain

Warsaw Pact (1955) } } U. S. S. R. Albania Bulgaria Czechoslovakia } } East Germany Hungary Poland Romania

Foreign Aid and Surrogate Wars globally Cold War power struggle starts in Europe, but spreads and leads to 1 st, 2 nd & 3 rd World mindset: Those aligned with US (1 st World) Those aligned with Soviet Union (2 nd World) Those not aligned yet (includes many new nations recently given independence)

Science and Sports: Fear of “getting behind” opponent leads to competition between US & USSR in many areas from Nuclear Weapons to Space Exploration to Olympic Sports (and others)

Space Race Science and technology play a huge role in the Cold War as the Soviets come out with the first satellite: Sputnik. - Why would both governments pour money into science and technology? Both countries put money into developing high tech spying technology (see U-2 incident in your HW)

ARMS RACE e. The US and USSR build up bigger and badder nuclear weapons e. Brinkmanship – willingness to go to the “brink” of war

Cartoon Reflection #4

Assignment #2: Cold War Visual “Pictionary” You will be assigned a key term from the lecture that illustrates people, events or ideas relating to an aspect of the early Cold War. Draw a quick visual (drawing, cartoon) that illustrates the concept of the term. Include a brief written explanation or caption that explains why this event or idea was important to increasing tension and conflict between the US and USSR on the other side of your paper Demonstrating a creative understanding of the concepts is more important than artistic ability