Theres plenty of room at the bottom RICHARD

There’s plenty of room at the bottom RICHARD P. FEYNMAN ((1953

Thinking small I was born not knowing and have had only a little time to change that here and there

Writing small How small can we write ? • Write encyclopedia Britannica on a head of a pin ? Head of a pin X 25 000 = encyclopedia Britannica • • 80 A for a dot more than 1000 atoms •

Writing small How can we write small ? • Using light • Computer chips • DNA chips • "(. . . )the idea seemed so obvious to me and so elegant that I fell deeply in • love with it. And, like falling in love with a woman, it is only possible if you do not know much about her, so you cannot see her faults”. ~ Feynman, about the idea that led to his Nobel prize

Reading small Can we make better microscopes ? • Observe biological and chemical processes • He is by all odds the most brilliant young physicist here [at Los Alamos], and everyone knows this. ~ J. Robert Oppenheimer •

Microcomputer Can be much faster • Can be more powerful • Isn’t the brain a bunch of microcomputer? • If I could explain it to the average person, I wouldn't have been worth the Nobel Prize. ~ Richard Feynman • •

Molecular machines Using a pantograph • Using small machines • Using a lot of small • machines •

Molecular Doctor

Can we use classical engineering ? Probably not – the VDV become very • important What about k. T (thermal vibrations ) ? • What about cooling small systems ? • There are two types of genius. Ordinary geniuses do great things, but they leave you room to believe that you could do the same if only you worked hard enough. Then there are magicians, and you can have no idea how they do it. Feynman was a magician. ~ Hans Bethe •

The 1000 dollar award Small engine • Micro letters • Nature uses only the longest threads to weave her patterns, so that each small piece of her fabric reveals the organization of the entire tapestry. ~ Richard Feynman • •

Modern applications Nano car • Nano robot • Nano fridge • I would hate to die twice. It’s so boring. ~ Feynman’s last words • • •

Molecular Motor Atpase

nanocrystals Biological markers •