Theoretical Foundation Instructional Media EDCI 625 Instructional Media

Theoretical Foundation Instructional Media EDCI 625 Instructional Media AIIAS

• Educational technology is any technology that is used to support teaching and learning EDCI 625 Instructional Media AIIAS

Educational Technology • ISTE’s NETS-T and NETS-S standards articulate that educators must acquire a broad range of methods and skills to enhance teaching and support learning with technology effectively EDCI 625 Instructional Media AIIAS

What is learning? • Learning Theories: – Theory into Practice (TIP) – http: //tip. psychology. org • Check your learning style: http: //www. engr. ncsu. edu/learningsty les/ilsweb. html EDCI 625 Instructional Media AIIAS

About Learning • Variety of theories explain how we learn • Each theory offers a different perspective or view as to how learning occurs • Some theories may be contradictory • Teachers must decide on theory for themselves EDCI 625 Instructional Media AIIAS

Learning Theories Learning as Communication • Knowledge is transferred from sender to receiver • Receiver returns feedback to sender • Sender receives feedback • Variables may alter intended meaning. EDCI 625 Instructional Media AIIAS

Learning Theories Learning as Communication EDCI 625 Instructional Media AIIAS

Learning Theories Factors Affection Communication EDCI 625 Instructional Media AIIAS

Learning Theories Environmental Factors • Any factor that may cause a learner to lose focus • Can block communications • Lighting, movement, temperature may interfere with communications EDCI 625 Instructional Media AIIAS

Learning Theories Psychological Factors • Individual differences that define and impact communicated information • Emotional state may interfere with message reception • Learning styles may interfere with transmission EDCI 625 Instructional Media AIIAS

Learning Theories Personal Filters • Individual’s values, heritage, and belief system • May include attitudes, cultural differences, and opinions • Filters are present in both sender and receiver EDCI 625 Instructional Media AIIAS

Learning Theories Overview • Behaviorism • Cognitivism • Constructivism EDCI 625 Instructional Media AIIAS

Learning Theories Behaviorist’s Perspective • All behavior is a response to external stimuli • Students learn in response to rewards and punishments • Learning is a passive response to the environment EDCI 625 Instructional Media AIIAS

Learning Theories Cognitivist’s Perspective • Focus is on learning as a mental operation • Information enters through senses Learning is explained by how one thinks • Believe learning is more complex than behaviorist responses EDCI 625 Instructional Media AIIAS

Learning Theories Constructivist’s Perspective • Knowledge is constructed as a result of the learning process • Learning occurs when knowledge is assimilated or accommodated (Piaget) • Knowledge may be constructed best in a social context EDCI 625 Instructional Media AIIAS

Learning Theories Cognitive Styles • Manner in which one thinks and interprets the environment • Myers-Briggs helps determine cognitive preferences • Understanding cognitive styles helps teachers create supportive environments EDCI 625 Instructional Media AIIAS

Learning Theories Myers-Briggs Cognitive Types EDCI 625 Instructional Media AIIAS

Learning Theories Learning Styles • • • Conditions under which one learns best Relates to individual sensory dominance Auditory learners learn best by listening Visual learners learn best by seeing Kinesthetic/Tactile learners learn best by doing and touching EDCI 625 Instructional Media AIIAS

The Learner Intelligence • Inherent capabilities to learn and understand • Standford-Binet tests emphasize logical/mathematical and verbal capabilities • Howard Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligences emphasizes multiple capabilities EDCI 625 Instructional Media AIIAS

The Learner Multiple Intelligences • Verbal-Linguistic • Mathematical. Logical • Visual-Spatial • Bodily-Kinesthetic EDCI 625 Instructional Media • • • Interpersonal Intrapersonal Naturalistic Existential Musical AIIAS

The Learner Multiple Intelligences EDCI 625 Instructional Media AIIAS

Teaching and Learning • Teaching = a systematic, planned sequence of events – A process that communicates ideas/skills – Takes into account individual and environmental factors – Aware of learning theories & learner characteristics EDCI 625 Instructional Media AIIAS

Teaching and Learning • Technology: a component of the teaching/learning process – Educational technology includes resources that facilitate teaching/learning – This view of technology has evolved – It’s consistent with evolution of learning theories EDCI 625 Instructional Media AIIAS

Teaching and Learning • Teaching and learning work together • Holistic planning is the key to effective learning • Educational technologies selected after planning completed to enhance instruction EDCI 625 Instructional Media AIIAS

Educational Technology An Historical Overview • Began in the early 1900 s with movies • Slides, radio, sound recordings were added in the 1920 s-1930 s • Television drove audio-visuals in the 1950 s EDCI 625 Instructional Media AIIAS

Educational Technology An Historical Overview • 1960 s: A-V expanded to a broader systems view • 1970 s: educational technology redefined and expanded further to include all technologies • 1980 s: educational technology entered the Digital Age EDCI 625 Instructional Media AIIAS

• Educational Technology Time Chart EDCI 625 Instructional Media AIIAS

Educational Technology An Historical Overview • Quill Pens and Slates • Wall Charts • Models • Films • Radio EDCI 625 Instructional Media AIIAS

Educational Technology An Historical Overview • ITV • Personal Computer • CAI • Computer Based Technology • Virtual Reality EDCI 625 Instructional Media AIIAS

Educational Technology Today • Holistic view – All media and systems that support teaching/learning • Teachers must decide how to best utilize technology EDCI 625 Instructional Media AIIAS

Reference • Mc. Donald, J. B. & Lever-Duffy, J. (2008). Teaching and learning with technology. Boston: Allyn and Bacon. EDCI 625 Instructional Media AIIAS