Theodore Roosevelts Square Deal Ch 16 3 Notes

Theodore Roosevelt’s Square Deal Ch. 16. 3 Notes

Vocabulary �Please write down the 11 vocabulary words on pg. 535 and define them using either the text or the glossary

Roosevelt’s View of the Presidency � Theodore Roosevelt became the governor of New York in 1898 � This was trouble for the Republicans � They got Roosevelt nominated for V. P. which was a job with little power at the time

Taking office �Leon Czolgosz shot President Mc. Kinley in 1901. �Roosevelt now held the highest office �He was 42 years old �He used the White House as a bully pulpit

The coal strike of 1902 � 150, 000 Pennsylvania coal miners struck for higher wages and shorter hours �Roosevelt stepped in and urged them to accept arbitration �They finally agreed and after a three month investigation, the workers got a shorter workday and higher pay but did not require the mining companies to recognize the union

Square Deal � For the first time the federal government had intervened in a strike � Roosevelt pronounced the compromise, “a square deal”

The Square Deal �This slogan became Roosevelt’s campaign �He promised to see that each person is given a square deal �He thought that the needs of workers, businesses, and consumers should be balanced �He won the next election with no opposition

Regulating big business � He thought that big business is important but that they should behave responsibly � Trust busting 1. 1901, three companies merged and created the Northern Securities Company 2. Roosevelt directed the U. S. attorney general to sue Northern Security Company for violating the Sherman Anti-trust Act 3. The company lost and had to dissolve

Regulating the railroads �Elkins Act- prohibited railroads from accepting rebates �This was created due to large corporations paying less than small farmers or small businesses �All customers now paid the same rate �Hepburn Act set maximum rates

Protecting consumers �Food producers were selling dangerous products to an unknown public �Ex. Some poultry sellers added formaldehyde to old eggs to hide their foul odors �Drug companies did the same and added medicines that didn’t work �Dr. James’ Soothing Syrup for babies’ teething pain, contained heroin

Protecting consumers cont. �Upton Sinclair exposed the unsanitary conditions of the meatpacking industries in the novel, “The Jungle” �Roosevelt ordered an investigation of the meat packing houses �Pg. 538 read description of meat conditions �Meat Inspection Act- inspection of meat �Pure Food and Drug Act- food and medicines had to carry ingredient labels

Meat conditions

Environmental Conservation � 1800’s people acted if the U. S. had an unending supply of natural resources �They cleared the forests, plowed the plains, overgrazed the prairies, clogged the rivers and dumped sewage �Roosevelt thought each generation had a duty to protect resources for future generations.

Environment continued �Roosevelt went on a camping trip in Yosemite National Park with John Muir �Muir wanted the entire wilderness protected �Roosevelt thought they should conserve public lands for a variety of uses �Newlands Reclamation Act of 1902 � 1905 - U. S. Forest Service �They added 150 million acres to the national forests