THEMIS First Results and near future AGU F

THEMIS First Results and near future • • • AGU F 07, SD 13 D-01 Introduction, THEMIS overview First THEMIS results from the tail THEMIS results in other regions Data availability Future activities 1 Dec 11, 2007

THEMIS Mission elements Probe conjunctions along Sun-Earth line recur once per 4 days over North America. … while THEMIS’s space-based probes determine onset of Current Disruption and Reconnection each within <10 s. Ground based observatories completely cover North American sector; determine auroral breakup within 1 -3 s … : Ground Based Observatory AGU F 07, SD 13 D-01 2 Dec 11, 2007

Near-Earth tail reconnection Localization: the case for “point” reconnection Angelopoulos et al. , 1998 (Case study on localization) Nakamura et al. , 2004 (Cluster statistics on localization) Scales: Vertical: 1. 5 -2 RE, Azimuthal: 2 -3 RE Sharper gradient on duskside flank AGU F 07, SD 13 D-01 3 Dec 11, 2007

Nagai 1991 results T = -0. 01 x MLT**4 - 0. 06 x MLT**3 + 1. 16 x MLT**2 + 1. 13 x MLT + 0. 27 T delay time (minutes) at each MLT Here, 23 MLT is -1. 0, 22 MLT is -2. 0 24 MLT 23: 32 MLT 23 MLT 22 MLT 21 MLT 20 MLT 0. 27 min (not well bound by data, a statistical average) 0. 00 min (the center of the current wedge, average) 0. 35 min (not well bound by data, a statistical average) 2. 97 min 8. 13 min 15. 59 min AGU F 07, SD 13 D-01 4 Dec 11, 2007

The 3 D nature of the Rx process 0204 UT JGR [Angelopoulos et al, 1995] Ygsm Substorm Onset: ~0202 UT Xgsm Ygsm 0215 UT AGU F 07, SD 13 D-01 5 Dec 11, 2007

Mission overview D 2925 -10 @ CCAS EF Ia EFIs SCM ESA BGS SST Release Operations UCB n io ulat aps Enc unch & la Mission I&T UCB Instrument I&T UCB AGU F 07, SD 13 D-01 Ground 6 FGM Tspin=3 s Probe instruments: ESA: Electro. Static Analyzer (co. Is: Carlson and Mc. Fadden) SST: Solid State Telescopes (co. I: Larson) FGM: Flux. Gate Magnetometer (co. Is: Glassmeier, Auster & Baumjohann) SCM: Search. Coil Magnetometer (co. I: Roux) EFI: Electric Field Instrument (co. I: Bonnell) Dec 11, 2007

First light: Nature’s welcome. Two substorms seen on March 23 http: //sscweb. gsfc. nasa. gov/tipsod DETAILED VIEW THEMIS TH-E TH-A TH-B TH-D TH-C THE Y Y Z X SUN THA THB THD SUN THC POLAR AGU F 07, SD 13 D-01 7 Dec 11, 2007

AGU F 07, SD 13 D-01 8 Dec 11, 2007

From UVI Courtesy: Parks and Fillingim At 11: 18: 26 UT. Substorm intensification @ 23 MLT By 11: 19: 40 UT. Auroras expand to 21. 5 MLT By 11: 23: 21 UT Not much further expansion AGU F 07, SD 13 D-01 Consistent with VIS due to 0. 5 MLT UVI uncertainty from POLAR wobble 9 Dec 11, 2007

From VIS: 2007_082_1008 -1309_all. mov At 11: 18: 03 -45 UT. Auroras brighten @ 23 MLT By 11: 19: 57 UT. Auroras expand to 22 MLT By 11: 23: 21 UT No further westward expansion observed AGU F 07, SD 13 D-01 10 Dec 11, 2007

Keograms from UVI AGU F 07, SD 13 D-01 11 Dec 11, 2007

At 11: 18: 42 UT. From: 3_23_07_mosaic. mov Onset at 11: 18: 42 UT @ 23 MLT (see Mende et al. ) AGU F 07, SD 13 D-01 12 Dec 11, 2007

Apatenkov/Sergeev model: SCW Upward FAC jumps to 21. 5 MLT and stays there for >20 minutes AGU F 07, SD 13 D-01 13 Dec 11, 2007

Classical mapping Tsyganenko 2001 mapping: THEMIS maps to 21. 5 MLT (other models, or higher activity place thm to the West). AGU F 07, SD 13 D-01 21. 5 MLT 14 Dec 11, 2007

Simulation mapping Open. GGCM mapping: THEMIS just before simulation onset maps to ~22. 5 MLT, i. e. , right in the middle of expanding activation. Note: mapping evolves Courtesy: J. Raeder (UNH) AGU F 07, SD 13 D-01 15 Dec 11, 2007

Z B X FAC B Y By sc Assuming an outward plasma sheet expansion (evidenced by the |Bx| reduction - interpreted as a diamagnetic effect) the FAC is a pair of oppositely directed current sheets, embeded in an overall outward current sheet. This is consistent with THEMIS being at the westward edge of the WTS. AGU F 07, SD 13 D-01 16 Dec 11, 2007

Moments Overview TH-D AGU F 07, SD 13 D-01 17 Dec 11, 2007

AGU F 07, SD 13 D-01 18 Dec 11, 2007

Vorticity in FAC coordinates From TH-D, B, A (inner) Check using different center probe From DBA, BAD, ABD Courtesy: L. Kepko (UNH) AGU F 07, SD 13 D-01 19 Dec 11, 2007

Strangeway et al. SM 11 A observe similar signatures of FAST AGU F 07, SD 13 D-01 20 Dec 11, 2007

Conclusions, March 23 event: 1. Measured expansion is much faster than previously measured locally but agrees with expectations from statistical averages First time it has been observed by nearby satellites. • Expansion speed on the ground ~ 1 MLT hrs/min Maps to 10 RE as 200 km/s westward (250 km/s along track) • Observed speed in space (from time delays) is ~250 km/s From 10 RE it maps on the ground to ~1 MLT hrs/min • Orientation of expansion needs further investigation (under way) Use remote sensing and finite gyroradius techniques Note: is was no continuous expansion of the WTS. A new activation appeared Westward of an old one. Likely the norm? AGU F 07, SD 13 D-01 21 Dec 11, 2007

Examples of THEMIS capabilities Mende et al, GRL 2007 AGU F 07, SD 13 D-01 22 Dec 11, 2007

Coast, Placement and Tail Phases Coast phase dayside (May-Aug ’ 07) http: //sscweb. gsfc. nasa. gov/tipsod/ Placement (Sep-Dec ’ 07) Tail 1 (Jan ’ 08 – Mar ’ 08) http: //sscweb. gsfc. nasa. gov/tipsod/ AGU F 07, SD 13 D-01 23 Dec 11, 2007

FTEs on TH-D: Detail AGU F 07, SD 13 D-01 24 Dec 11, 2007

Dissection of an FTE by THEMIS Sphere Dusk MP -, + Sheath Sibeck et al. , SM 22 B-08 AGU F 07, SD 13 D-01 25 Dec 11, 2007

Magnetopause reconnection event (May 21) TH-B TH-C TH-D TH-E TH-A Phan et al. , SM 22 B-01 AGU F 07, SD 13 D-01 26 Dec 11, 2007

Magnetopause reconnection event, May 21 example - detail AGU F 07, SD 13 D-01 27 Dec 11, 2007

Remote sensing of FTEs: dayside TCRs Liu Jiang, SM 11 A-0316 B D C E A AGU F 07, SD 13 D-01 28 Dec 11, 2007

Upcoming Tail Season Activities Scheduled Cluster-THEMIS coordination intervals Scheduled AMISR, Sondestrom radar scans Super. DARN in THEMIS mode, w/ added midlat radars AGU F 07, SD 13 D-01 Cluster-THEMIS, top view 29 Dec 11, 2007 Cluster-THEMIS, side view

Data availability AGU F 07, SD 13 D-01 30 Dec 11, 2007

THEMIS Data Policy • • Open data policy – Data on the street only 2 weeks after collection – Also, preliminary calibrations and overview plots – Also, software for analysis available – Credits. Always credit: NAS 5 -02099 – Strongly recommend to consult PI/co. Is on data before study – Editors will be requested to ensure above have been implemented. First publications by instrument leads – – • Space Science Reviews papers First data papers within One compendium, demonstrates instrument and use of data GRL special issue on first science results Community – – Tag team with individual instrument leads to learn use of data Engage in scientific discussions with co. Is Acknowledgement sufficient, if for use of data alone Co-author instrument providers if helpful in data interpretation AGU F 07, SD 13 D-01 31 Dec 11, 2007

Anticipating an Exciting Tail Season Expect first substorm results to be reported in ICS-9 AGU F 07, SD 13 D-01 32 Dec 11, 2007

The fun has just begun! Do not miss out! Join the THEMIS society! AGU F 07, SD 13 D-01 33 Dec 11, 2007