Theme 4 Commercializing Aflasafe as a biocontrol for

Theme 4: Commercializing Aflasafe as a biocontrol for aflatoxins Project Review: 27 th September, 2018

Nutritional status of babies aged 6 -24 months Facts form ZDHS 2014) • 9% born underweight (<2. 5 kg) • 60% are anemic • Stunting rate: 40% • Micronutrient deficiencies very common Ø 40% of Zambian children not getting the best start in life! (Very low weight for height & severe muscle wasting)

Complementary food type ü Various types of foods administered to children on case by case basis, from 0 month. ü Main challenge: maize-based foods with minimal dietary diversification Food type Proportion (%) of children fed Chibwantu drink 3. 2 Groundnut relish 1. 8 Nshima 66. 4 Porridge 21. 5 Samp 7. 1

Nutritional composition of complementary foods Parameter Mean (g/100 g) for Chipata Mean (g/100 g) for Monze district (N=60) (N=41) Moisture content 78. 8± 4. 8 a 82. 5± 1. 5 a Dry matter 21. 2± 4. 8 a 17. 5± 1. 5 a Ash 0. 4± 0. 3 a 0. 2± 0. 1 b Fat 0. 2± 0. 1 a 0. 3± 0. 2 a Protein 2± 0. 8 a 2. 2± 0. 1 a Sugar 1± 0. 6 a 0. 1± 0. 1 b Starch 21. 5± 4. 0 a 16± 0. 3 b Total carbohydrate 18. 7± 4. 7 a 14. 8± 1. 3 b ü Traditional complementary foods low in fat & protein contents ü Recommended daily intake: Protein: 0. 8 g/kgbw; Fat is 44 -78 g

Complementary food quality compromised by presence of aflatoxin Food type Max Mean Proportion of complementary food (%) <4 ppb 5 -10 ppb 11 -20 ppb >20 ppb Unsafe for babies, >2 ppb Chibwantu 7. 0 2. 1 90. 9 9. 1 0. 0 18. 2 Gnut relish 98. 0 21 50. 0 16. 7 50. 0 Nshima 34. 0 3 92. 0 2. 7 18. 2 Porridge 104. 0 5. 3 93. 1 0. 0 4. 2 27. 8 Samp 500. 0 30. 6 83. 3 8. 3 0. 0 4. 2 25. 0 Aflatoxin has negative impact on health-may retard growth

FTF INITIATIVE: 2011 -2015 Improving food safety, public health & income through aflatoxin mitigation Main activities ü Aflatoxin surveillance: microbial & chemical analyses ü Capacity building ü Awareness creation ü Aflasafe Product development ü Aflasafe efficacy & registration for commercial use

FTF initiative: gaps as of 2015 ü Limited data on aflasafe efficacy • Aflasafe upscaling & commercialization: focus should cover the entire country, thus necessitating evidence on efficacy in other regions ü Un-registered product ü Lack of awareness ü Lack of legal framework for pesticide registration

Africa RISING: Going to Scale in EP of Zambia ü Assessing Aflasafe efficacy in Region I & III AEZ ü Creating awareness ü Pursue full registration of aflasafe for commercialization ü Develop a business plan

Approaches of taking the technologies to scale 1. Private sector engagement for on-farm field trials 2. Extension systems (Ministry of agriculture) and community agrodealers 3. Stakeholder consultative meetings: e. g. AATF workshop

Aflasafe: evidence of efficacy ü 6 tons of aflasafe imported from Nigeria/ Tanzania ü 150 maize fields ü 335 groundnut farms

Aflasafe: evidence of efficacy Maximum allowable aflatoxin level (ppb) < 10 < 20 > 20 <4 UNSAFE USA EU COMESA

Aflasafe: evidence of efficacy 99% G 80% M 99% GN 97% M 95% GN 75% M

Business Plan development: Feasibility assessment Market & demand ü Market: Local processors, school feeding programs, regional traders, consumers ü 60% of farmers willing to pay for such a product Potential aflasafe manufacture: Share-Africa Zambia & ZAMSEED ü Companies expressed need for seed money to jump start the manufacturing process Potential distribution channels ü Seed & input supplies ü NGOs & development partners

4. Awareness raising Year 2015/2016/2017 Female 205 171 Male 162 161

Aflasafe product registration journey ZEMA Engagement 2015 Registration requirements identified APPROVED August 2018 ZEMA approval 2 Dossiers submitted to ZEMA Feedback provided Technology Transfer Agreement prepared & Signed Review & Independent evaluation Dossier Re-submission-July 2018

Business Plan development: Feasibility assessment Market & demand ü Market: Local processors, Govt school feeding programs, regional traders, consumers ü 60% of farmers willing to pay for such a product Potential aflasafe manufacture: Share-Africa Zambia & ZAMSEED ü Companies expressed need for seed money to jump start the manufacturing process Potential distribution channels: Current distributer- ZARI ü Seed & input supplies ü NGOs & development partners

Conclusion & Way forward ü Exposure to aflatoxin is occurring but awareness is low ü Solutions are available Way forward ü Effective communication strategy to increase awareness ü Pursue full registration of Aflasafe ü Develop aflasafe commercialization strategy • Public/ private sector driven for faster uptake and diffusion of the technology • Engage aflasafe interested stakeholders for limited use of the product • Sourcing funds for implementing a commercialization strategy • Aflasafe importation: need for import license • Construction of manufacturing plant: legal requirement-an EIA

Aflasafe team