Thematic Strategy on Air Pollution and streamlined air

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Thematic Strategy on Air Pollution and streamlined air quality legislation CAFE team, DG Environment

Thematic Strategy on Air Pollution and streamlined air quality legislation CAFE team, DG Environment

Thematic Strategy is a response to 6 th EAP • 6 th EAP- Decision

Thematic Strategy is a response to 6 th EAP • 6 th EAP- Decision of Council & EP of July 2002: • • • ‘achieving levels of air quality that do not give rise to significant negative impacts on and risks to human health and the environment’; (Art 7. 1. of 6 th EAP) Integrated approach; consistency with other environmental policies; exploit synergies; Better Regulation • supported by thorough impact assessment; • new legislative proposal to streamline air quality legislation

Objective of Clean Air for Europe (CAFE) Programme l l l Established in 2001

Objective of Clean Air for Europe (CAFE) Programme l l l Established in 2001 to provide the technical input for the Thematic Strategy on air pollution Best available science & transparency Benchmark current and future air pollution with regard to significant impacts Define interim objectives up to 2020 – based on analysis of closing the gap between business as usual and Maximum Technical Feasible improvement Inform the review of air quality legislation

How were these interim objectives defined? l l l l Peer-reviewed health (WHO) and

How were these interim objectives defined? l l l l Peer-reviewed health (WHO) and scientific advice Assessment of the effect of current policies Peer-reviewed integrated assessment to develop cost-effective solutions for both health and environment Peer-reviewed Cost-Benefit Analysis Macro-economic analysis m Lisbon Strategy & Competitiveness Stakeholder involvement and consultation m Over 100 stakeholder meetings and over 10. 000 responses to internet based consultation Accompanied by comprehensive impact assessment (170+ pages)

Summary of “Business as Usual” l l l Emissions continue to decline But in

Summary of “Business as Usual” l l l Emissions continue to decline But in 2020 m Premature deaths related to fine particulates still 270, 000 m Loss of statistical average life still 5 months in the EU m Ozone premature mortality equal to 20, 800 cases m 119, 000 km 2 of forest at risk from acid rain m 590, 000 km 2 of ecosystems at risk from nutrient Nitrogen m 760, 000 km 2 of forest at risk from ozone Cost-effective improvements are possible k. T 2000 2020 % SO 2 8736 2806 -68% NOx 11583 5889 -49% VOCs 10661 5918 -44% PM 2. 5 1749 971 -44% NH 3 3824 3686 -4% Ships will represent 125% and 101% of land based SO 2 and NOx emissions in 2020.

The Strategy

The Strategy

Improvement of health & environment (improvement relative to 2000)

Improvement of health & environment (improvement relative to 2000)

Summary of Strategy – Costs & Benefits Human health Ambition level Costs per annum

Summary of Strategy – Costs & Benefits Human health Ambition level Costs per annum (€bn) Natural environment Life Years Lost (million) PM 2. 5 Premature deaths (000 s) PM 2. 5 and ozone Range in monetised health benefits per annum (€bn) Forests Seminatural Freshwater Ecosystem area exceeded eutrophication (000 km 2) 2000 3. 62 370 - 243 24 31 733 827 - Baseline 2020 2. 47 293 - 119 8 22 590 764 - Strategy 1. 91 230 42 – 135 63 3 19 416 699 7. 1 MTFR 1. 72 208 56 – 181 36 1 11 193 381 39. 7 Ecosystem area exceeded acidification (000 km 2) Forest area exceeded ozone (000 km 2)

Objectives of the Strategy Improvements by 2020 relative to 2000 Life Years lost from

Objectives of the Strategy Improvements by 2020 relative to 2000 Life Years lost from particulate matter (million) 47% Acute mortality from ozone 10% Ecosystem forest area exceeded from acidification 74% Ecosystem freshwaters area exceeded from acidification Ecosystem area exceeded from eutrophication 39% Forest area exceeded by ozone 15% 43%

Measures following the Strategy l l Euro 5 for cars and vans Euro 6

Measures following the Strategy l l Euro 5 for cars and vans Euro 6 for Heavy Duty Engines Revision of the NECD consistent with objectives identified in the Strategy Small scale combustion m m l l Ship NOx engine standards (IMO or Community) Agriculture (NH 3) m m l l Review of IPPC directive for larger sources Energy using Products directive for small sources N content of feedstuffs Review of IPPC directive for intensive agriculture Revise Air quality legislation http: //europa. eu. int/comm/environment/air/cafe/index. htm

NECPI working group Revision of the National Emissions Ceilings Directive Clean Air & Transport

NECPI working group Revision of the National Emissions Ceilings Directive Clean Air & Transport Unit of DG Environment

General Approach • Series of NECPI meetings in 2006/7 • Dedicated to specific issues/questions;

General Approach • Series of NECPI meetings in 2006/7 • Dedicated to specific issues/questions; e. g. • Choice Meteorological years • Choice of sensitivity scenarios • Form and content of information from model runs • “legal issues” / implementation mechanics • Cooperation between Member States, relative ceilings, etc. . • New pollutants • Modelling results

General Approach (2) l l l Range of ambition levels already agreed Recalculate key

General Approach (2) l l l Range of ambition levels already agreed Recalculate key TS policy scenarios with the revised inputs (Baseline, MTFR, A, B, C, & TS) Select and run sensitivity cases (Commission funded and Industry funded) Select and run any required additional policy or sensitivity runs (incorporate new information) Formulate and bring together advice on other issues (Cooperation, directive’s mechanics, etc. ) Commission initiates internal process to decide upon precise content of legislative proposal

Time frame l l l Realistically, directive proposal not expected until 1 st half

Time frame l l l Realistically, directive proposal not expected until 1 st half of 2007 Modelling work unlikely to start until April/May 2006 (new baseline being developed) Envisage 5 meetings of NECPI in 2006; Additional meetings in 2007 will be decided later.

Other Relevant Activities l Revision of the NECD Reporting requirements m m Simplify and

Other Relevant Activities l Revision of the NECD Reporting requirements m m Simplify and have greater coherence of reporting requirements for Member States (Greenhouse gas, NECD, CLRTAP) CLRTAP is developing a prototype “Inventory Review” process as requested by the Executive Body r m This will require a national inventory report to explain justify national emissions inventories Working Group on Implementation to address the issues

Key questions of a New NEC Directive l l New pollutants (PM, CH 4)?

Key questions of a New NEC Directive l l New pollutants (PM, CH 4)? New approaches – trading/cooperation between Member States? Relative ceilings rather than absolute caps? New obligations to support CLRTAP scientific work…? m m m l Critical Loads reporting? Gridded emissions reporting? Monitoring? Revision of the reporting regime