The Writing Process Abell Atherton Educational Consulting Inc
The Writing Process Abell & Atherton Educational Consulting, Inc.
Prewriting • Talking (sharing ideas, discussion of topic and their views, role-playing, persuasion, etc. ) • Reading and analyzing models (backmapping, analysis of format and development, etc. ) • Brainstorming – Mapping – Planning – Webbing – Story boarding, etc. • Creating a writer’s plan, which considers audience, purpose, format, and ideas • Researching
Drafting • Modeling – Use • Other students’ writing • Professional writing • Your writing • Provide ample time and space to write • Provide tools to make drafting more fun and easier (post it notes, gel pens, tape, scissors, etc. ) • Conference with students throughout • Remind students of the importance of treating drafting as a step separate from editing
Revising • Help students to learn to try a new approach if the one they’ve tried isn’t working. • Make sure all the anticipated needs of the audience are met for the particular purpose/ text. • Model each revision strategy using your own work; then send students back to revise their own. • Have revision conferences in which students come to you with a question • Use sentence combining to build complex sentences • Use ARMS to help writers understand what “revision” means
ARMS • Add – (details, snapshots, dialogue, examples, etc. ) • Remove – (distractors, unnecessary dialogue, details that don’t fit, weak ideas) • Move – (words, phrases, sentences, paragraphs) • Substitute – (more powerful words, stronger verbs for adverbs)
Editing • Model and practice editing together • Use students’ own work as good models or as drill for sentence error correction • Teach editing skills throughout the year • Give students self-editing checklists • Set up editing groups, with an “expert” in charge of each main focus (Capitalization, punctuation, etc. ) • Use sentence combining exercises for editing as well as revising skills. • Have editing conferences, focusing on only one correctness issue at a time • Use CUPS
CUPS • • Capitalization Usage Punctuation Spelling
Publishing “If you give writers only one thing, give them an audience. ” Peter Elbow • Technology and the internet (Blogs, webcasts, web pages, etc. ) • Exchange writing with other classes and students • Read to principal • Display on community or school bulletin board • Author’s chair • Mail or e-mail • Newsletters • Media center • Pop-up or blank books for the school library • Pen pals • Gifts
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