The Worlds of North and South Chapter 13

The Worlds of North and South Chapter 13 Pgs. 173 - 187

Geography of the North n n n -They adapted to their environment by creating different industries and ways of making a living. Climate: 4 Seasons Natural Features: New England Coast: *Bays and inlets- good for harbors *Fisherman, Boat builders and merchants flourished here *Area became busy sea ports *Not good area for farming *Lots of Forest- Made money through harvesting timbers - The Central Plains: *Farm Area

Geography of the South n n n n Climate and Natural Features forced them to base their ways around agriculture Climate: *Mild winters, long, hot summers and lots of rainfall Natural Features: *Fertile Lowlands made it ideal for farming (Rich Soil) *Appalachian Mountains area was good for orchards *Rivers- Lumber Companies, Trading -Coastal Towns (Easier to travel and trade)

Economy of the South n n n King Cotton: Eli Whitney- created the cotton gin and changed the Cotton Industry for the better Cotton made more in over seas trade then everything else combined Expanding Demand for Land Slaves: Land was needed because cotton destroyed the land Slaves were needed to plant and pick the cotton

Economy of the North n n n n -Industrial Revolution: “Machines making work faster and easier” The Growth of Industry: Francis Lowell- Created Machines that could make cloth from cotton Farm Women ran his machines (Lowell Girls) Machines were making some skills obsolete (Sewing) Machines Make Agriculture More Efficient Cyrus Mc. Cormick created a machine that can harvest grain faster than 28 men

Questions n n n n What was the climate like for the North? South? What special features did the North have? South? What industry was formed in the South? What was the Industrial Revolution? What was in high demand in the South? What did machines do for agriculture? Who was Francis Lowell? Who was Cyrus Mc. Cormick?

Transportation in the South n n Lakes and rivers Southerners did not like bills to create roads because they would help the North

Society in the South n n n Wealth based on how many slaves and how much land owned White Southerners: *Had homes like the British *Owned Farms and slaves (1 in 4 owned slave) *10% had no land (Rented) African Americans in the South *Slaves - worked for free *Free Blacks* Worked as skilled craftsmen *Paid extra tax and had to wear special badges to show freedom

Society in the North n n 7 out of 10 lived on farms Others lived in small, cramped, dirty and diseased cities African Americans in the North: *Free but not equal *Could not vote, go to school, go to church *Started own schools and churches Immigrants Arrive in the North: *15 year span 4 million immigrants came to the North *Most came for freedom and money *They were discriminated against just like African Americans

Questions n n n n What did they use for transportation in the South? What determined how wealthy a person was? What did white southerners own? How did African Americans in the South show their freedom? How many Northerners lived on farms? What was society like for African Americans in the North? How many immigrants came to the North during a 15 year span? Why did immigrants come to the North?