The War of 1812 Chapter 6 4 The
- Slides: 22
The War of 1812 Chapter 6. 4
The War Hawks Demand War • Jefferson’s popularity soared after the Louisiana Purchase and won reelection in 1804, however the U. S. would soon be drawn into the British and French conflict
Grievances Against Britain 1/2 • Although both the French and the British were seizing American ships in their blockade of Europe, the U. S. took their anger out on Britain • The British policy of impressment outraged President Jefferson
Grievances Against Britain 2/2 • June 1807, the Chesapeake incident in which British warship killed and wounded American soldiers • Embargo Act of 1807, hurts U. S. more than European nations • Congress lifts ban in 1809, except with Britain and France
Tecumseh’s Confederacy 1/2 • 1809, governor of the Indiana Territory William Henry Garrison persuades Native American chiefs to sign away three million acres of land to the U. S.
Tecumseh’s Confederacy 2/2 • Tecumseh wanted to protect his homeland from the white settlers and believed a confederacy was the answer • Wanted to regain traditions and beliefs, Great Spirit was angered • Tecumseh would begin negotiations with British, traveling the U. S. in search of supporters
The War Hawks • November, 1811, the Battle of Tippecanoe, Harrison counterattacks Shawnee tribe and burns the capital (Prophetstown), making him a national hero • The War Hawks call for a war with Britain when the U. S. finds out that they were supporting the Native Americans • John C. Calhoun and Henry Clay lead the motto “On to Canada”
The War Brings Mixed Results Election of 1808 James Madison (D. -R. ) vs. Charles C. Pinckney (F) § James Madison beats Charles Pinckney -father of Thomas Pinckney who was responsible for Pinckney’s Treaty § Congress approves declaration of war in early June of 1812
The War in Canada 1/2 • The American military was unprepared for war • British quickly capture Detroit, failed attempt at Montreal, U. S. setbacks
The War in Canada 2/2 • September 1813, the Battle of Lake Erie, commander Oliver Perry regains Detroit and would also win numerous battles boosting soldiers morale • October 1813, the Battle of the Thames, death of Tecumseh which would lead to the collapse of Native American support for British
The War at Sea • The U. S. Navy was badly outnumbered – 16 ships & 3 warships • November 1812, British government orders blockade of the Chesapeake & Delaware Bays, as U. S. warships continued resistance the blockade was extended and most ships were stuck in port
British Burn the White House • By the year of 1814 the British are raiding and burning towns all along the eastern coast • August 1814, in retaliation for the burning of parliament in Canada at the Battle of York, the British torch the White House and force Madison and government officials out of their own capital
The Battle of New Orleans • Andrew Jackson gaining national attention for his victories in the south • March 1814, Battle of Horseshoe Bend, wiped out the Creek tribe initiating the end of Native American military power in the south • Jackson’s greatest victory of the war took place after the war was over on January 8, 1815, when he defeated a superior British force at the Battle of New Orleans
The Treaty of Ghent 1/2 • Christmas Eve 1814, the Treaty of Ghent is signed declaring armistice • Treaty did not address impressments or neutral shipping rights • 1815, commercial trade reopens between the two countries
The Treaty of Ghent 2/2 • 1817, the Rush-Bagot agreement limits the number of warships on the Great Lakes • 1818, a British-American commission sent the northern boundary of the U. S. at the 49 th parallel as far west as the Rockies • The two nations then agreed to a 10 year joint occupation of the Oregon Territory
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