The Visual System Part 1 Aqueous humor secreted

Aqueous humor secreted from Ciliary body, Flos to Anterior Chamber, drains through Canal of

Intrinsic Muscles of the Eye: The Iris • Iris – circular. . . ____

Intrinsic Muscles of the Eye: Ciliary Muscle • Ciliary muscle relaxed = tension on

Near point of Accomodation 0. 06 0. 07 0. 08 0. 09 0. 12

With Convergence Demonstrate Convergence

Extraocular muscles Motor innervation by CN III = _____ CN IV = _____ CN

Lateral geniculate nucleus a subdivision of the thalamus.

Clinical Case Study: Hyperprolactinemia, p. 627 -8 of text

What do you notice with regards to the connections in this complex circuit? What

S 15 Receptors for light detection Photoreceptor cells 4 light sensitive proteins: - 1

Visual Acuity • 120, 000 rods and 6, 000 cones per retina • 1,

• Differences in spectral sensitivity due to 4 types of ______. Web-based color

The cascade of events initiated by light in a photoreceptor. The result of the

Hubel and Weisel Experiments Lateral Geniculate Neurons Youtube Retinal Ganglion Cells Visual Cortex Neurons

_______in the Cortex • Motion sensitive • Color and shape sensitive

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The Visual System Part 1

Aqueous humor secreted from Ciliary body, Flos to Anterior Chamber, drains through Canal of Schlemm

Intrinsic Muscles of the Eye: The Iris • Iris – circular. . . ____ – radial. . . …____ • Dilating pupil for eye exam: how to do it? Pharmacology of pupillary dilation: _____

Intrinsic Muscles of the Eye: Ciliary Muscle • Ciliary muscle relaxed = tension on zonular fibers = tension on lens = flattened lens = _________ • Ciliary muscle contracted = tension on zonular fibers reduced = less tension on lens = lens becomes more spherical =_________ • Eye strain Using a Microscope or Binoculars

Near point of Accomodation 0. 06 0. 07 0. 08 0. 09 0. 12 0. 14 0. 16 0. 18 0. 3 0. 4

With Convergence Demonstrate Convergence

Extraocular muscles Motor innervation by CN III = _____ CN IV = _____ CN VI = __________= misalignment of eyes Due to ____________

Lateral geniculate nucleus a subdivision of the thalamus.

Visual reflexes: ___________, ______.

Clinical Case Study: Hyperprolactinemia, p. 627 -8 of text

The Visual System Part 2

The Retina

What do you notice with regards to the connections in this complex circuit? What cells seem to have axons? What does this mean with regards to sensory coding?

S 15 Receptors for light detection Photoreceptor cells 4 light sensitive proteins: - 1 type of _____ - 3 types of ______, each with a single type More membrane = more photosensitive molecules = more sensitive to light

Visual Acuity • 120, 000 rods and 6, 000 cones per retina • 1, 200, 000 retinal ganglion cells & axons • ____: ___convergence ratio • Fovea:

• Differences in spectral sensitivity due to 4 types of ______. Web-based color deficiency test _______ Theory of Color Vision

“Bleaching” of photopigments _________

The cascade of events initiated by light in a photoreceptor. The result of the cascade is to close a c. GMP-gated sodium channel, reducing the inward current and hyperpolarizing the membrane. Source: Kandel, Schwartz & Jessell, Principles of Neural Science, 4 th Edn What is the advantage of this multistep process?

Hubel and Weisel Experiments Lateral Geniculate Neurons Youtube Retinal Ganglion Cells Visual Cortex Neurons

_______in the Cortex • Motion sensitive • Color and shape sensitive