The University is Dead Long Live the University

The University is Dead! Long Live the University! James L. Morrison Professor Emeritus, UNC-Chapel Hill http: //horizon. unc. edu Editor-in-Chief Innovate 1

U. S. Higher Education in the 20 th Century 4 Type: 2 yr, 4 yr, university 4 Geographically defined market areas 4 Function: teaching, research, service 4 Mostly residential/bricks and mortar 4 Lecture mode of instruction predominant 4 Degrees based on credit hours 4 Predominantly self-contained 4 Print research publications organized by commercial publishers & associations 2

Change Drivers 4 Demographics 4 Globalization 4 Economic Restructuring 4 Information Technology 3

What Lies Ahead in Technology 4 Diminution (Nanotechnology/micromachines) 4 Wireless networks/Wireless Web/Wi-Fi 4 Net PC/ Web TV 4 Groupware/P 2 P 4 High Definition TV 4 Electronic books 4 Simulations 4 Virtual reality 4 Expert systems 4 WWW; Web course mgt 4 Low-earth-orbit satellites 4 Video conferencing 4 Grid computing 4 Open source software 4

Comparative Costs: Paper vs. Online 4 Cost of paper purchase order: between $50 – $70 4 Cost of online purchase order: between $1 - $5 4 Cost of paper check transaction: $1. 07 4 Cost of online check transaction: $0. 01 5

Cost Comparisons 4 Cisco’s residential classroom = $1, 800 per worker 4 Cisco’s Web-based classes = $120 per worker 4 Dow’s in-class health and safety training = $80 million per year 4 Dow’s DE health and safety training = $50 million per year 6

Pew Learning and Technology Program 4 BYU first-year writing course-enrolls 3, 400 students in about 170 sections redesigned: cost per student dropped 41% 4 Drexel introduction to computer programming: cost per student dropped 36% 4 Florida Gulf Coast into to fine arts, cost per student for 2, 400 students is $50 compared to $132 students in traditional format 7

The Internet Enables Educators To: 4 Center learning around the student 4 Focus on the strengths of individual (and more diverse) learners around the globe 4 Make lifelong learning a practical reality Web-Based Education Committee, 2001 8

The Changing Higher Education Environment 4 Certification monopoly at risk 4 employers concerned about competency 4 employers relying less on diplomas 4 Outcomes line assessment coming on 4 Western Governors University 4 Accreditation agencies 4 New competition 4 Traditional “service areas” fair game 4 New for-profit educational providers 9

The Changing Higher Education Environment 4 The “bookless” campus 4 e-Libraries 4 Net. Library 4 Questia 4 Xan. Edu 4 Jones e-global Library 4 Services 424 -7 reference desks 4 Online chat book advice 4 e-Book reading devices on loan 10

The Calendar 4 Rio Salado College in Phoenix 4 The University of Phoenix 11

Old Paradigm 4 Learned centric 4 Semester/tri- mester/quarter 4 Set enrollments (e. g. , once a year) 4 Institutions act independently New Paradigm 4 Learning centric 4 Varying lengths of time for learning modules 4 Continuous enrollments (e. g. , once every two weeks) 4 Institutions act with partners 12

Old Paradigm based on credit hours New Paradigm 4 Degrees 4 Information transfer via classrooms/ library based on competency exams transfer anytime, anywhere 13

Old Paradigm New Paradigm 4 Student role = empty vessel 4 Student role = knowledge creator 4 Faculty role = actor 4 Faculty role = director 4 Faculty lecture 4 Faculty use projects, shared learning 4 Faculty responsible for content, media, assessment 4 Faculty work as part of instructional team 14

Old Paradigm New Paradigm 4 Publications 4 Institutions 4 Print 4 Free refereed via professional associations and commercial publishers publication the primary mode of information transfer publish professors’ papers, drafts, notes via open Web access 4 Institutions sponsor their professors’ manuscripts to refereed Web-based open access professional journals online publication as prominent as print publications 15

How to Free Up Resources 4 Move all financial transactions to the Internet 4 Shift to open source software for routine administrative and business operations 4 Install WLANS in lieu of hardwiring 4 Outsource in-house computing operations 16

How can college and university leaders change institutional culture to more effectively address the demands and challenges of the future? 17