The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan Mr

The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan Mr. Ornstein Willow Canyon High School IB History of the Americas

Answer: l Who Developed the Idea of Containment? l How did Containment Work?

Greece and Turkey l Pro-Western Governments in Greece and Turkey were on the Verge of Collapse l USSR wants Turkish Territory l Soviets Support Communists in Greek Civil War

Great Britain l Before WWII Great Britain Supported Greece and Turkey Militarily and Financially. l Winter 1946 -47 Can No Longer Afford to Support the Greeks and Turks

The Fear l Greece and Turkey Would Fall to Soviet/Communist Influence l Near East and North Africa Were Now at Risk

The Truman Doctrine l March 12, 1947 l Policy is Announced

The Truman Doctrine l 400 Million Dollars in Aid to Greece and Turkey l US Will Give Military and Financial Aid to Nations Fighting Communism

The Truman Doctrine Moral Gauntlet l Bargaining over Territory is Out of the Question l Conflict is Democracy vs. Totalitarianism l Free Peoples vs. Oppressed l Soviet Union Must Change its Policy or its System Must Collapse l

Who was George Marshall? l Chief of the Army During WWII l Sec. of State Under Truman l Well Respected

Conditions in Europe l Economic Conditions were Bad in Europe After WWII l Fear that Communism Could Spread in the poor Economic Conditions l Helping Europe Recovery=Containing Communism

European Recovery Act/Marshall Plan

European Recovery Program/Marshall Plan Announced at Harvard on June 5, 1947 l Stops Communism by attacking poverty, hunger, despair l 13 Billion/Equal to 100 Billion Today l Not Straight Cash/Credits to Purchase l Aid Offered to Stalin l

Marshall Plan

Stalin and the Marshall Plan l Stalin Refuses to Accept Money l Does Not Allow “Iron Curtain Countries” to accept either l Isolates Communist Bloc Even More l Tightens Control on Eastern Europe

Success of the Marshall Plan l l l l Western European Economies Improve Greatly 16 Countries Helped 25% Improvements in Some Countries European Industries recover: chemical, engineering, steel Reduces poverty Increases cooperation between Western Europe and the United States Communism Never Gets Popular

Criticisms/Revisionist l Did Truman Show a True Picture of the Communist Threat in Greece and Turkey? l Did Truman Provoke Stalin? l Was Truman Looking to Save his Poll Numbers?

Criticisms/Conservative l Did Truman Unconstitutionally Increase Presidential Power? l Did Laissez-faire Capitalism Help Western Europe more than the Marshall Plan? l What is one revisionist criticism of the Truman Doctrine?

Ticket Out the Door l What was the goal of the Marshall Plan? l What two countries were helped by the Truman Doctrine?