THE TIDE TURNS ANTIETAM THE EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION OBJECTIVE

THE TIDE TURNS (ANTIETAM) & THE EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION

OBJECTIVE � Analyze the effect of the Emancipation Proclamation.

ESSENTIAL QUESTION � What was the purpose of the Emancipation Proclamation and how did it help to turn the tide of war?

WHAT IS EMANCIPATION?

EMANCIPATION � The fact or process of being set free from legal, social, or political restrictions; liberation. � The freeing of someone from the bonds of slavery.

WHAT’S GOING ON IN THIS PHOTO?

EARLY SOUTHERN SUCCESS (1862) Early part of war was being won by the Confederacy (General Lee). � By Summer of 1862, the North seemed to be losing the War. � Less people volunteered for the North and people were beginning to question if this war to bring the South back to �

LINCOLN’S PREDICAMENT. � � Lincoln again, did not like slavery, but knew he could do very little about it (he was a lawyer) since it was written into the Constitution (3/5 th’s). War was being fought for numerous reasons; states vs. federal issues, but slavery was never really cited outright. He was also facing opposition in Congress due to the war dragging on. However, Lincoln began thinking more and more about the issue of slavery….

WHO DO YOU THINK IS GOING TO TALK TO LINCOLN ABOUT SLAVERY?

FREDRICK DOUGLAS AND LINCOLN. Many abolitionists felt that Lincoln should make the war about slavery. � Douglas and Lincoln wrote to one another and Douglas said that if slavery was made the issue of the war, then people would get behind him. � Lincoln listened to him and to other abolitionist �

“GENTLEMAN, IT APPEARS THAT WE MUST CHANGE OUR TACTICS OR LOSE THE GAME. ” (SUMMER 1862)

LINCOLN’S PLAN TO, “FREE THE SLAVES? !? ? !!” Lincoln told his cabinet (advisors) about his plan. � Many disagreed, but many felt it was right to do � They believed he should wait until the North won a big battle or they believed he would look desperate. � Opportunity came on September 17 th. �

BATTLE OF ANTIETAM (SHARPSBURG) September 17 th, 1862 � General Lee after having won many victories and pushing the Union out of Richmond, Virginia decided to attack Maryland. � Divided his troops and captured a few towns and would eventually meet up. � However, Union had gotten a hold of Lee’s battle plan (Special Order 9) and in the end were able to flank/stop them from advancing. � When battle was done, over 23, 000 people were dead, wounded, or missing during the 12 hour battle. � Single bloodiest day in U. S. History. � Changed the war in that the South could not invade the North. � It ended in a stalemate, but Lincoln finally had his �

BATTLE MAP OF ANTIETAM

BEGINNING OF BATTLE

AFTERMATH OF BATTLE

EVEN THE ANIMALS HAD IT ROUGH….

THE BLOODY LANE

UNION BURIAL PARTY

ANTIETAM TODAY

AFTERMATH OF ANTIETAM � The South lost a good amount of its soldiers (Lee lost a ¼ of his army). � Proved that the North could withstand a Confederate Invasion. � The South lost its momentum. � It also gave Lincoln the opportunity to execute his ‘free the slaves’ plan.

CIVIL WAR MAP

LINCOLN’S PLAN Knew he had no power to touch slavery; Constitution would not allow it. � However, as President and Commander in Chief of the Army, he could take away his enemies property in a time of war. � Since the Confederacy was an enemy, he would utilize their ‘property. ’ � Planned to use this power against the South. . �

WHO IS SEEN AS PROPERTY AGAIN AT THIS TIME?

THE EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION Issued by President Lincoln on September 22 nd, 1862 (Went into effect on 01/01/1863). � Proclaimed the freedom of slaves to all ten states “in rebellion. ” The Confederacy. � However, it did not apply to the slave states that were still in the Union. MI, KE, WV, TN. � “Suitable persons” among those free could become soldiers in the Union Army. �

WHAT ELSE WOULD HAVE THE EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION DONE FOR THE UNION & WAR EFFORT? (DISCUSS)

“AND I FURTHER DECLARE AND MAKE KNOWN, THAT SUCH PERSONS OF SUITABLE CONDITION, WILL BE RECEIVED INTO THE ARMED SERVICE OF THE UNITED STATES TO GARRISON FORTS, POSITIONS, STATIONS, AND OTHER PLACES, AND TO MAN VESSELS OF ALL SORTS IN SAID SERVICE. ”

AFRICAN AMERICANS AND THE UNION The Proclamation energized the Union; gave the war a moral reason for being fought. � While the Union had begun accepting black soldiers earlier in 1862, they now got a boost with ‘contraband’ soldiers from the South. � By the end of the Civil War 179, 000 Black soldiers (10% of the Union Army) served in the war with another 19, 000 serving in the Navy. �

STATES IN RED WERE THOSE AFFECTED. WHAT WERE THE STATES IN BLUE AGAIN?

AFRICAN AMERICAN FAMILY

PRESIDENT OBAMA LOOKING AT A COPY OF THE EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION.

PROS OF FREEDOM � � People argued that freeing slaves would help the North win the war as the South depended on Slave Labor. Freed African Americans would be eligible to fight in the Union Army (thus increasing their numbers. ) CONS OF FREEDOM � � Laborers feared that they would lose jobs to people who would work any job. Lincoln could possibly lose support for the war in border states (where slavery would still be legal. ) NORTHERNERS WERE DIVIDED AS WAS LINCOLN.

WORKS CITED � https: //www. gilderlehrman. org � http: //www. ushistory. org � https: //www. loc. gov https: //www. pbs. org � https: //civilwar. org �