The Sun as a Source CME Active phenomena

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発生源としての太陽 The Sun as a Source フレア･ CME 擾乱 • Active phenomena on the

発生源としての太陽 The Sun as a Source フレア･ CME 擾乱 • Active phenomena on the solar surface (flares/CMEs) work as sources of the outbreaks. • The understandings of the generation mechanisms are important. 伝播 影響 影響

太陽フレア･CME Solar Flare / CME All of these are physically the same phenomena. They

太陽フレア･CME Solar Flare / CME All of these are physically the same phenomena. They are different from each other on one point that they are observed in different aspects.

磁気リコネクション Magnetic Reconnection (Carmichael 1964; Sturrock 1966; Hirayama 1974; Kopp-Pneuman 1976) • well explains

磁気リコネクション Magnetic Reconnection (Carmichael 1964; Sturrock 1966; Hirayama 1974; Kopp-Pneuman 1976) • well explains observed phenomena • phenomenologically succeeded • still needs to be checked quantitatively and qualitatively

プラズモイド噴出 Plasmoid Ejections • The combination of SXR ejections and HXR bursts has been

プラズモイド噴出 Plasmoid Ejections • The combination of SXR ejections and HXR bursts has been observed (e. g. Ohyama & Shibata 1997) • Plasmoids play an important role in the reconnection process

プラズモイド噴出 Plasmoid Ejections • Multiple plasmoid ejections and correlation with HXR emissions (Takasaki et

プラズモイド噴出 Plasmoid Ejections • Multiple plasmoid ejections and correlation with HXR emissions (Takasaki et al. 2005? ) ③ ①②③ ④ ⑥ ② ① ④ ⑥ ⑦ ⑦

プロミネンス噴出 Prominence Eruptions During eruption • gravity force and magnetic pressure work effectively for

プロミネンス噴出 Prominence Eruptions During eruption • gravity force and magnetic pressure work effectively for prominence ejections (Morimoto & Kurokawa 2003 a, b) Initial amount=N pre-eruption photosphere Definition of g

CMEs • Strong correlation between CMEs and prominences/plasmoids • Similar relation between CME and

CMEs • Strong correlation between CMEs and prominences/plasmoids • Similar relation between CME and SXR emission Zhang et al. (2001)

CMEs • MHD simulation direct comparison with observation (Shiota et al. 2005, Chen &

CMEs • MHD simulation direct comparison with observation (Shiota et al. 2005, Chen & Shibata 2001)

フレアリボン Flare Ribbons • The evolution of flare ribbons implies successive reconnection also implies

フレアリボン Flare Ribbons • The evolution of flare ribbons implies successive reconnection also implies of the strength of the energy release (e. g. Asai et al. 2004) Ha flare ribbons

粒子加速 Particle Acceleration • Site? Amount? Mechanism? Masuda et al. (1994) Aschwanden et al.

粒子加速 Particle Acceleration • Site? Amount? Mechanism? Masuda et al. (1994) Aschwanden et al. (1996)

まとめ Summary • Active phenomena on the solar surface (flares/CMEs) work as sources of

まとめ Summary • Active phenomena on the solar surface (flares/CMEs) work as sources of the outbreaks. • The understandings of the generation mechanisms are important.

活動領域の成長 Evolution of Active Region NOAA 10488 NOAA 10486 2003/10/28 2003/11/03 NOAA 10486 2003/10/24

活動領域の成長 Evolution of Active Region NOAA 10488 NOAA 10486 2003/10/28 2003/11/03 NOAA 10486 2003/10/24 2003/10/25 2003/10/26 2003/10/27 2003/10/28 2003/10/29 2003/10/30 2003/10/31 2003/11/02