The Stoic and Epicurean Philosophy by Salman Parisy

The Stoic and Epicurean Philosophy by Salman Parisy Supriyatno Tawakkal H Salam Master’s Degree Program of Islamic Philosophy Islamic College for Advanced Studies (ICAS) Jakarta 2003

Hellenistic Age (400 B. C. -150 A. D. ) SCHOOL OF THOUGHT The Academics The Peripatetics The Stoics The Epicureans The Sceptic

The Stoics the Name Stoic stoa (Greek) “porch” or “open colonnade” “Painted Porch” (Stoa Poikile) the Period early (original) middle (older) late Stoa

the Philosophers Zeno of Citium (c. 336 -c. 264 B. C. ) the Founder Cleanthes of Assos (c. 331 -c. 232 B. C. ) Chrysippus of Soli (c. 280 -c. 206 B. C. ) Diogenes of Seleucia (c. 156 B. C. ) Panaetius of Rhodes (185 -c. 110 B. C. ) Posidonius of Apamea (c. 135 -c. 51 B. C. ) Seneca (c. 4 B. C. -65 A. D. ) Epictetus (c. 50 -c. 138 A. D. ) Marcus Aurelius (121 -180 A. D. )

The Philosophy Logic to ektos hypokeimenon the Ways of Correct Thinking phone, lekton, ektos hypokeimenon Theory of Knowledge phantasia kataleptike, phantasia, synkatathesis, katalepsis & episteme Physics monism (matter & form) pneuma, periodos, logos spermatikos Ethics cosmopolis eudaimonia, apatheia, euthymia, kathekon

The Epicurean the Name Epicurus the Founder ”easy living” “pleasure seeking” the Garden men, women and at least a slave lived together in simplicity

the Philosophers Epicurus the Founder (c. 341 -c. 270 B. C. ) Metrodorus of Lampsacus (c. 330 -c. 277 B. C. ) Colotes of Lampsacus (n. d. ) Hermacus of Mytilene (325 -c. 250 B. C. ) Polystratus (n. d. . ) Zeno of Sidon (c. 200 B. C. ) Philodemus of Gadara (c. 150 B. C. ) Diogenes of Oenoanda (c. 200 A. D. )

The Philosophy knowledge arouse from sense experience Logic or Theory of Knowledge prolepseis (general notions), opinions test of truth of the opinion: (a) actual inspection (b) in accordance with observable things Physics atomism (Democritus) swerving atoms, fear of gods and death Ethics egocentric hedonism pleasure (kinetic & catastemic), phronesis, ataraxia, chara

The Conclusion the Stoics and Epicureans philosophy more emphasized on ethics as practical wisdom served by logic (theory of knowledge) and physics the Stoics ethics : cosmopolis the Epicureans : egocentric hedonism very strong influence from the precedent philosophers either in logic or physics (Plato, Aristotle, Heraclitus and Democritus)