The steeling of the undergraduate mind or New

“The steeling of the undergraduate mind” or, New Tools, New Temptations. Pieter Sijpkes School of Architecture Mc. Gill University SSEF annual joint engineers/architects meeting Quebec City March 1 2014

Thomas Cole ‘The architect’s dream’ 1840

The Engineer’s dream, Thomas Hart Benton, 1931

Architecture with neither architects nor engineers

Cram's Unrivaled Family Atlas of the World, Chicago IL. Lithograph color print.

Iron was very scarce in all these buildings

Cologne cathedral’s wrought iron roof 1850 Crystal Palace Cast Iron prefabricated frame 1851

The Eiffel tower among the ‘Old world’ buildings, and one of the competing designs for a 300 M tower to be executed in granite!

Google wisdom:

Cast iron development

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Thomas Telford, single-span Thames bridge 1799

Stone vs cast iron http: //www. bbc. co. uk/history/british/victorians/launch_vt_iron_bridge. shtml

Reform Act Tower 1832 proposal Cast Iron

Centennial Tower London 1874

Original design of the Eiffel Tower

file: ///C: /Philo-2014/towerlecture/The%20 Project%20 Gutenberg%20 e. Book%20 of%20 Elevator%20 Syst ems%20 of%20 the%20 Eiffel%20 Tower, %201889, %20 by%20 Robert%20 M. %2 0 Vogel. htm

http: //www. google. com/culturalinstitute/collection/toureiffel? project. Id=historic-moments

Chicago Competition 1890

London Competition entries 1890

Watkin’s tower in London, abandoned.

Haeckel vs. Tower designs

Eiffel-Shukhov comparison Shukhov’s tower would have been higher than Eiffel’s and weigh only half as much. Only the lower radio communication tower was built.

The Singer Tower High-rise: The steel frame

Statue of Liberty 1886: main structure, outriggers, skin

Bilbao: main structure, outriggers, skin

Guggenheim Museum Bilbao resulted in a unit steel price for the 3, 900 tons of structural steel comparable to a standard steel framed building project and was a factor in the project opening on-time and within budget. Advances in the use of computers for steel detailing and fabrication now allow for the realization of extremely complex projects which perhaps ten years ago would have been deemed impossible. It can now be said that the versatility of steel has been extended to new applications in geometrically free-form architecture. Hal Iyengar is a Retired Partner,

Redundancy is a good thing

The Empire State building on fire

Redundancy is a good thing

Corruption is a bad thing The leaning tower of Cartagena

Architect’s perspective view: no columns!

Up up and away. .

Firmitas, commoditas, venustas Vitruvius 1 st century BC Culemborgh, Netherlands 1868 157 m. span Eads Bridge St Louis Mi. 1874 Chrome steel 158 m. span

Halle au Ble Paris. . 200 years of construction history in wood and wrought iron

The central marketpavilion restored thanks to Digicel