The Spanish Empire and Colonies Conquered by Hernan

The Spanish Empire and Colonies

Conquered by Hernan Cortes Conquistador Hernan Cortes Allied with other Native tribes against the Aztecs Tenochtitlan destroyed Gov’t buildings and Catholic churches built Conquest of the Aztecs Cortes in Moctezuma’s court

Spanish Colonization Colony: a settlement of people living in a new territory linked to a parent country by trade and direct government control

Spain and Portugal Spain establishes trade empire Had access to large amounts of gold and silver from mining and trade Brazil New only Portuguese colony civilization called Latin America Named after parent language

Peninsulares Born in Spain; held government positions Creoles Class Structure Spanish Ancestry; born in Americas Mestizos Native American + European Mulattoes African+ European Natives Indigenous peoples African Slaves

Gold and Silver Mining Economic Foundations Trade Sources of Wealth Farming

Economic Foundations • Encomienda System: • Mita: • Peruvian labor system • Used to draft Natives for labor • Criticized by Catholic missionaries

Role of the Catholic Church More influence in Latin America Fought Built for rights of natives new churches and provided education to Natives

Viceroyalty: Territory ruled by a Spanish governor (called a viceroy) What are the five Spanish viceroyalties in the Americas? Why is Brazil the only territory controlled by Portugal in South America?