The Spanish American War 1898 Spanish suppression of

The Spanish American War (1898)

Spanish suppression of Cuban revolt � � High U. S. import tariffs on sugar (40%) and resentment of Spanish rule led to 1895 revolt Spanish became a threat to U. S. investments ($50 million)

Sinking of the Battleship Maine � February 15, 1898: 266 sailors were killed when Maine explodes, attributed to Spanish mine, explosion was accidental � “Remember the Maine” became the cry for revenge against Spain Jingoism: aggressive, threatening patriotism

� Congress appropriates $50 million for war � Yellow Journalism: sensational stories and pictures which exaggerated and distorted events for emotional effect

April 1898: Mc. Kinley asks Congress for a declaration of war � Congress approves Teller Amendment: promises U. S. will not annex Cuba

The Cuban Front: The Rough Riders � Cavalry unit organized by Teddy Roosevelt � Diverse unit: members from western frontier, colleges in East, African Americans

� Battle of San Juan Hill: July 1, 1898 – heavily fortified position seized � Establishes Teddy Roosevelt as war hero

The Philippine Front: Commodore George Dewey � Leave Chinese base for Philippines � Battle of Manila Bay destroyed Spanish fleet

Treaty of Paris – December 10, 1898 � Spain withdraws from and recognizes independence of Cuba � U. S. receives Puerto Rico, Guam and Philippines � Spain receives $420 million from U. S. � Cost: 5, 000 U. S. dead (only 400 KIA, rest died due to infection and disease)

U. S. Possessions after Spanish American War

Philippine Occupation and Resistance � Philippine freedom fighter – Emilio Aguinaldo led uprising against U. S. � War ends in 1901 with capture of Aguinaldo � Cost: 4, 000 U. S. KIA and 16, 000 Philippine KIA � Granted independence in 1946

“All That You Need is Backbone” – Chicago Chronicle • What does the man sitting at the table represent? • What is the man sitting at the table doing? • Who is the man represented as the waiter? • What are the four choice on the bill of fare? • How are the four islands portrayed?

“An Expanding Nation” • Who is the large man in the center? • What does he represent? • Who is tailor? • What do the stripes on his pants represent? • Who are the people offering medicine? • What do you think the medicine represents?