The Southern Colonies Chapter 7 Settling the South

The Southern Colonies Chapter 7

Settling the South Chapter 7 Lesson 1

Maryland • Founded by the Calverts • Reasons – Make money – Refuge or safe place for Catholics to practice their religion

Life in Maryland Virginia • • Mild climate Fertile soil Major crop was tobacco Both colonies had similar governments • Maryland passed the Toleration Act – Gave religious freedom to all Christians in the colony

The Carolina Colonies • Carolina was too large to govern so it was split into two: – North Carolina & South Carolina • North Carolina crops: – Tobacco and rice • South Carolina crop: – Rice • Slaves made up a large part of the population

Georgia • Founder: – James Oglethorpe • Settlers were English debtors – People who were in prison for owing money • Economy grew because of: – Plantations – African slaves

Heading West • When: – mid-1700’s • Where: – Piedmont or backcountry • Land between the Coastal Plain and the Appalachian Mountains • The only way to get to the backcountry was to take the Great Wagon Road

Conflicts with Native Americans • What happened to Native Americans – Many were killed – Captured – Died from disease – Forced to move farther West

Life in the South Chapter 7 Lesson 2

Slavery and Society • The way slaves were treated depended on the slave owner • How did slaves keep their culture alive: – Told stories – Sang songs about Africa – Played music – Practiced religion

A Farming Economy • Economy based mostly on plantations • Cash crops, cared for by slaves, made owners rich • Plantations looked like small villages • Most small farm owners did not own slaves

Free Africans • Some slaves could buy their freedom and start their own farms • Many runaways fled to Spanish Florida for safety • Black Seminoles: – Runaway slaves who dressed and acted like Seminole Indians • Fort Mose – Settlement in Spanish Florida for free Africans

The Southern Economy Chapter 7 Lesson 3

Cash Crops • Tobacco was grown in – Maryland – Virginia – Northern North Carolina

Cash Crops • Rice was grown in – Southern North Carolina – South Carolina – Georgia

Cash Crops • Indigo was grown in – Drier land throughout South Carolina

The Economy Grows • Plantation owners sold crops through brokers – A person who is paid to buy and sell goods for someone else • Most plantations were on rivers or near ports – Why? It was easier to transport crops

The Economy Grows • Forests were also an important natural resource • Used for naval stores • Baltimore became a major shipbuilding center