The Solar System Planets Dwarf Planets Solar System

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The Solar System Planets & Dwarf Planets

The Solar System Planets & Dwarf Planets

Solar System n the collection of eight planets and their moons in orbit around

Solar System n the collection of eight planets and their moons in orbit around the sun, together with smaller bodies in the form of asteroids, meteoroids, and comets. n AKA: anything that orbits the sun is part of the solar system

According to this theory, our own solar system formed about 4. 6 billion years

According to this theory, our own solar system formed about 4. 6 billion years ago, and others are forming today in distant nebulae.

The planets Terrestrial/Rocky/Inner n “Earth-Like” n – Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars n Made of

The planets Terrestrial/Rocky/Inner n “Earth-Like” n – Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars n Made of solid rock n Have few or no moons n Small n Short orbital period

Jovian/Gas Giants/Outer n “Jupiter-Like” n – Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune n Made of gas

Jovian/Gas Giants/Outer n “Jupiter-Like” n – Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune n Made of gas n Have many moons n Have rings n Large n Long orbital period

The Solar System n You must know the order of the planets

The Solar System n You must know the order of the planets

Dwarf Planets n a celestial body orbiting a star that is massive enough to

Dwarf Planets n a celestial body orbiting a star that is massive enough to be rounded by its own gravity but has not cleared its neighboring region of planetesimals and is not a satellite. – AKA: it is not a moon (it does not orbit another planet), but its orbit intersects the orbit of another planet n The first five recognized dwarf planets are Ceres, Pluto, Eris, Makemake and Haumea.

Things to ponder… n Is Pluto always the farthest “planet” from the sun?

Things to ponder… n Is Pluto always the farthest “planet” from the sun?

To Do: n Solar System Trading Cards Game n Learn n more about each

To Do: n Solar System Trading Cards Game n Learn n more about each of the planets Solar System Spacing n Learn just how vast the solar system really is!

Smaller Members of the Solar System Asteroids Comets Meteoroids, Meteors, and Meteorites

Smaller Members of the Solar System Asteroids Comets Meteoroids, Meteors, and Meteorites

Asteroids are rocky and metallic objects that orbit the Sun but are too small

Asteroids are rocky and metallic objects that orbit the Sun but are too small to be considered planets. They are known as minor planets. n Asteroids are material left over from the formation of the solar system. n Most likely, asteroids are material that never coalesced into a planet n

Asteroid Belt n Most asteroids lie between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter (3

Asteroid Belt n Most asteroids lie between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter (3 -6 year orbital periods)

Comets • dirty snowballs or "icy mudballs“ • Rocky and metallic materials held together

Comets • dirty snowballs or "icy mudballs“ • Rocky and metallic materials held together by ices (both water and frozen gases) and dust • Extremely elliptical orbits (long orbital periods)

Parts of a Comet *glue-able slide

Parts of a Comet *glue-able slide

A Comet’s Tail n Always points away from the Sun

A Comet’s Tail n Always points away from the Sun

Where do comets come from? n Kuiper Belt: – Short period comets n Oort

Where do comets come from? n Kuiper Belt: – Short period comets n Oort Cloud: – Long period comets

Halley’s Comet n Short period comet – Orbital period = 76 years n Last

Halley’s Comet n Short period comet – Orbital period = 76 years n Last passed by in 1986 – When will the next pass be? – How old will you be?

Meteoroids, Meteors, and Meteorites n Meteoroids (in space) – The smallest particles orbiting the

Meteoroids, Meteors, and Meteorites n Meteoroids (in space) – The smallest particles orbiting the sun, most are no larger than grains of sand n Meteors (in the atmosphere/ shooting stars) – Meteoroids that enter Earth's atmosphere. n Meteorites (on the ground) – Meteors that do not burn up in the atmosphere and impact Earth’s surface

Meteorites Meteors that do not burn up in the atmosphere and impact Earth’s surface

Meteorites Meteors that do not burn up in the atmosphere and impact Earth’s surface n Leave impact craters n Barringer Crater, Arizona n

Extinction of the Dinosaurs?

Extinction of the Dinosaurs?

To Do: n 23. 4 Assessment on page 664 – Restate the question. –

To Do: n 23. 4 Assessment on page 664 – Restate the question. – Write in complete sentences.