THE SKELETAL SYSTEM By Dakota Edwards and Zackary

THE SKELETAL SYSTEM By: Dakota Edwards and Zackary “The Trigger” Roberts

Functions Ø Ø Ø Support Protection Movement Mineral Storage Energy Storage Red Blood Cell Production

Bone Cells Osteoblasts: Bone Formation Ø Osteoclasts: Break down of bone Ø Osteocytes: Mature bone cells Ø

Feature of the long bone Ø Ø Ø Diaphysis: Shaft Epiphysis: Ends of bone Articular Cartilage: Hyaline Cartilage covering epiphysis Marrow Cavity: Fatty Marrow Spongy Bone: Irregular spaces and structure

Shapes of the Bones Long: Grater length than width Ø Short: Equal length and width Ø Flat: Thin and Flat Ø Irregular: Complex Ø

Sutures and Fontanels Suture: seam or stitch on skull Ø Fontanel: soft spot, found on babies Ø

Skeletons Axial Skeleton: bones that lie along the midline Ø Appendicular Skeleton: bones of free appendages Ø

Vertebrae Ø Ø Ø 33 Total Cervical: 7 (neck) Thoracic: 12 (rib attachments) Lumbar: 5 (lower back) Sacral: 5 (fused, articulate with pelvic bones) Coccygeal: 4 (coccyx/tailbone)

Structural Articulation Fibrous: Little or no movement, no spaces, held by dense fibrous connective tissue Ø Synovial: Synovial space Ø Cartilaginous: Little or no movement, no space, held by cartilage Ø

Ligaments and Tendons Ligament: Bone to muscle Ø Tendon: Bone to bone Ø

Check Yourself Before You Break Your Bone.