The site Gerib II Buzios Rio de Janeiro

The site Geribá II, Buzios, Rio de Janeiro- Understanding an ancient shell mound from archaeological, zooarchaeological and geological perspectives. * Maria Cristina Tenório** Fabio Ferreira Dias** João Wagner de Alencar** Rosa C. C. L. Souza*** *Grant support FINEP, CNPq e FAPERJ. **Museu Nacional/UFRJ **** Universidade Federal Fluminense

Sambaquis

Location of the sambaquis do Forte, de Itaunas and Geriba II. Geribá II Sambaqui de Itaúnas S. Forte

Antiquity and distance between the sites Sítio Geribá II 5 290 ± 40 AP (cal 6 100 BP) (Tenório 1998) 75 km 20 km Sambaqui do Forte 5520± 20 years BP (cal 6 180 BP) Sambaqui do Forte 5520± 20 cal 6182 a 5635 AP Base: Pequena elevação cristalina (9 metros). Dist. maré atual: 100 m. (Kneip 1980) 55 Km Sambaqui de Itaúnas 5740± 70 (Cal 6 470 BP). Sambaqui de Itaunas 5. 740± 70 anos AP cal 6470 implantado sobre duna (Barbosa 2008)

Location of the sites Sambaqui Geribá II Located above a crystalline basement of rocks. Elevation of 9 meters in height. It is around 80 meters above the current sea level. 75 km 20 km Sambaqui do Forte Located on a crystalline elevation of 9 meters in height. It is around 60 meters above the current sea level. Sambaqui do Forte 5520± 20 cal 6182 a 5635 AP Base: Pequena elevação cristalina (9 metros). Dist. maré atual: 100 m. 55 Km Sambaqui de Itaúnas Located on a sand barrier on a dune of 10 meters in height. It is located around 500 meters above the current sea level. . Sambaqui de Itaunas 5. 740± 70 anos AP cal 6470 implantado sobre duna

All are located near channels that connect the lagoons with the sea

Stratigraphy and analysis of the oldest layers Geriba II – Profile 5290± 40 BP (cal 6190 - 5940 BP)

Artifacts Tenório 2010

Sambaqui do Forte Reoccupation 3940 140 years B. P. (cal 2 sigma 4332 - 3570 AP). Sterile layer 5520 ± 120 BP (cal 2 sigma 6 182 - 5 635 BP) Extracted from Kneip (1976)

Sambaqui de Itaunas 5520± 20 years BP (cal 2 sigma 6660 -6320 BP) Extracted from Barbosa (2008)

Commonalities Beginning Localization Abandonment Malacological Evidence fauna of Occupation All sites All are begin with across from the lighting channels, of bonfires two are on surrounded crystalline by stones in basements, depressions. 9 to 10 m height. All sites have sterile layers between the oldest and the subsequent layers. All sites show a large increase of Lucina p. in the second oldest layer.

Malacological fauna Sambaqui de Itaúnas

Malacological fauna Sites Forte oldest layer Forte subsequent layer Molusks Lucina Pectinata (28%), Anadara notabilis (20%) Ostreidae sp. (15%), Murex senegalensis (13%), Anomalocardia brasiliana (12%), Cerithiun atratum (12%). Lucina pectinata (53%), Anadara notabilis (23%), Olivancillaria v. auricularia (13%), Ostreia sp (11%). Geribá II oldest layer Ostreidae (60%), Lucina pectinata (30%). Olivancillaria v. auricularia (10%). Lucina pectinata (63%), Ostrea sp Geribá II subsequent layer (20%), Olivancillaria v. auricularia Itaúnas oldest layer Anomalocardia brasiliana (40%), Itaúnas subsequent layer Lucina pectinata (40%), Ostreidae sp. (30%), Anomalocardia brasiliana (10%), others (7%). Ostreidae sp. (30%), others (30%) (10%), others (30%)

Ostreidae Habitat n On the rock on the coast; n Attached to the mangrove roots; n On the shells of the same species. http: //files. school-collection. edu. ru/dlrstore/d 8950 d 6 a-42 ba-4 af 3 -803968 cbbc 330 aa 7/Ostreidae. jpg

Anomalocardia brasiliana (Gmelin 1791) Habitat n n Sandy substrates; Sandy-muddy substrates. http: //www. idscaro. net/sci/01_coll/pics/bival/veneridae/anomalocardia_brasili ana 1. jpg

Lucina pectinata (Gmelin 1791) Habitat Buried between 15 and 20 cm in muddy substrates of calm waters. n n n Estuaries Sandy-muddy substrates Sandy substrates www. idscaro. net/sci/01_coll/plates/bival/pl_lucinidae_1. htm

Corvina (Micropogonias furnieri) http: //www. cbpds. com. br/html//c orvina. gif

cal BP 6. 335 - 5. 574. Extracted from Dias (2009)

cal BP 5. 574 - 2. 533 Extracted from Dias (2009)

Extracted from Dias (2009)

Sítio Geribá II - 2 sigma cal BP 6190 to 5940. Intercept cal BP 6100. Sambaqui do Forte 2 sigma cal BP 6 182 to 5635. Intercept cal BP 6180. Sítio Itaúnas – 2 sigma cal BP 6660 -6320. Intercept cal BP 6470.