THE SIMPLIFICATION AND THE REFORMULATION OF UNGGAH UNGGUH

THE SIMPLIFICATION AND THE REFORMULATION OF UNGGAH -UNGGUH JAVANESE LANGUAGE STRATIFICATION BY SUWARNA JAVANESE DEPARTEMENT YOGYAKARTA STATE UNIVERSITY

WHY UNGGAH-UNGGUH NEEDED SIMPLIFIED AND REFORMULATED? n n FOR BEGANNING UNGGAH-UNGGUH JAVANESE LANGUAGE STRATIFICATION IS VERY COMPLICATED, COMPLEX, SOPHISTICATED. UNGGAH-UNGGUH HAVE TWELVE FUNCTION

1. Basa ngoko a. Ngoko lugu b. Ngoko andhap 1) ngoko andhap antya basa 2) ngoko andhap basa antya 2. Basa madya a. Madya ngoko b. Madyantara c. Madya krama 3. Basa Krama desa 4. Basa krama a. Mudha krama b. Kramantara c. Wredha krama 5. Basa krama inggil. 6. Basa kedhaton

UNGGAH-UNGGUH : - VERY DIFFICULT FOR COMMUNICATION - MAKE CONFUSED - DIFFICULT FOR LESSON - NO PRACTICE - NO PRAGMATIC - NOW RARE IS USED AND - UNPRODUCTIVE

SIMPLIFICATION 12 3 NGOKO MADYA KRAMA 2 NGOKO KRAMA

MADYA STRATIFICATION • PARTIAL USER, LESS EDUCATION • PEOPLE WHO USE BASA MADYA ARE JUDGE AS UN-EDUCATION • LESS/NO PRESTIGE • NOT TOUGH AT SCHOOL: NOT INTELLECT AND PRESTIGE SO NEED SIMPLIFIED BECOME 2

SIMPLIFY TO SECOND STEPS 1. BASA NGOKO a. ngoko lugu b. ngoko alus 2. BASA KRAMA a. krama lugu b. krama alus

THE ARGUMENT SIMPLIFY BECOME 2 STRATIFICATION 1. 2. 3. 4. NOT DIFFICULT REPRESENTATIVE ENOUGH EASY TO REMEMBER, TO TEACH AND TO LEARN

DHANGGULA Marriage is very sacrifice between Delina and Hari Rahmat the both are patner very well good luck for your honeymoon man does he can but God what he will you don’t afraid must calm to day and continue father mother are always calm we will pray of God you have children quickly reformist daughter or son

P 1 ≥ P 2 ≥ p 3 P 1 : the speaker P 2 : the listener p 3 : person who is talked to

P 1 ≤ P 2 ≤ p 3 P 1 : the speaker P 2 : the listener p 3 : person who is talked to

DISCUSSION 1. FORMULATION IS NOT ABSOLUTE 2. FORMULATION SENSITIVELY CONTEXTS 3. CONTEXT’DELL HYMES: Setting and scene, participants, end, act, key, instrument, norm, and genre

1. HYPHOTHESIS SAPHIR-WHORF: culture integrated language 2. BOAS, BLOOMFIELS, AHIMSA PUTRA: there is any relation between language and culture. 3. ABDUL WAHAb language and behavior: ngapurancang

4. Unggah-ungguh Javaanese language reflect multifarious internally (multicultural) like hypthothesis Saphir-Whorf: etiquette of behavior, etiquette of language use, respecting others, esteming others of pursuant to degre, rank, and occupation (derajat, pangkat, semat). (remember Goffman: Face Threatening Act: to fulfill speaking norm rules, Leech: modesty maxim, Robin Lakoff: the politness, that is be polite with the communications partner.

CONLUSION 1. Progressively simplification 2. Steps of simplification: 12 become 3 become 2: ngoko lugu and alus, krama lugu and alus. 3. The formula P 1 ≥ P 2 ≥ p 3 for lugu, P 1 ≤ P 2 ≤ p 3 for alus. 4. My prediction to next one generation javanese language stratification is ngoko lugu and krama alus. Maybe