The Sea Faring Phoenicians Who Were The Phoenicians

The Sea Faring Phoenicians

Who Were The Phoenicians? • Phoenicians were people from the area of Phoencia – Phoenicia located in the Fertile Crescent – Area is now known as Lebanon – Located along the Mediterranean Sea near the Jordan R. – Very close to the area of Palestine – Never became a nation; only rich city-states • Phoenicians best known for their sailing and shipbuilding skills

Trading Posts of the Phoenicians • Phoenicians became famous for their sea trading – Barely traded on land at all • Created rich city-states along the coast • 3 main cities – Tyre, Sidon and Byblos – Cities were located 30 mi away; one day’s sailing trip – Would sail from city to city for trading purposes – Increases trade by rivers and seas by doing this • Traded many different products by sea – Wine, weapons, precious metals, ivory and slaves

Major Phoenician Achievements • Purple dye (murex)- used for clothing, very luxurious – Made from collecting snails and allowing them to die – Each snail = 1 -2 drops of purple dye • Ships and Sailing- incredible ship builders • The Alphabet – created the Phoenician alphabet – – Needed a way to record transactions 1 st alphabet to use symbols to represent sounds Made it easier for people to learn languages Greeks would later adopt alphabet and change it

The Origins of Judaism & The Hebrews

Who Were the Hebrews? • Hebrews- people that lived in the area of Palestine – Shared the area with the Phoenicians • The Hebrews lived in an area known as Canaan – Area was a crossroads of trade for the entire world – Canaan was believed to be promised to Jews by God

Judaism: st 1 Monotheistic Religion • Monotheistic- belief in only one God – First time in history people believe in only one single God • Religion starts nearly 4000 years ago • The history we have comes from the Torahreligious book of Judaism – Told stories of history as well as laws of religion – Ten Commandments will also be used as laws of the religion

How Did It All Start? • Around 2000 BCE, God (known as Yahweh) chose Abraham to be the father of the Jews – Abraham lived in Ur, but left when he heard God’s voice and traveled to Canaan • Families traveled for years, to Canaan, Egypt and other locations • Trips were part of a covenant – Covenant- promise between God and followers – People promised to be faithful, God promised protection of his people

The Hebrews and Egypt • Hebrews migrate to Egypt due to drought – At first they’re honored, then they’re enslaved • Pharaoh becomes scared of the number of Jews in Egypt – Calls for the death of all male babies • One mother hid her child along the Nile – Baby was found by Egyptian princess and cared for; raised in luxury – This baby was Moses

Who Was Moses? • Moses would lead his people from captivity in Egypt – Known as the Exodus • Exodus takes Moses and Jews across the Red Sea to Mt. Sinai – Here Moses get 10 Commandments – Believed this created a new covenant Movie

What About After Moses? • Jews wander the desert for 40 years – Moses dies; they return to Canaan • After retaking land they split it between 12 judges to be ruled (like cities) • 1000 BC- Kingdom of Israel is formed – Philistines attacked lands, defeated all but Judah’s land (where we get Judaism) – 3 Kings lead Jews against Philistines • Saul, David, and Solomon – King David will defeat Philistine Goliath

The Kingdom of Israel • Philistines are defeated, kings build a new empire – Jerusalem is built as the capital by David • Solomon beautifies Jerusalem with a temple (known as Solomon's Temple) • Assyrians would take over the area, but the Jews would still be there • Neo-Babylonians came in and destroyed everything, including Solomon’s Temple – Jews put into captivity- called the Exile

Solomon’s Temple Before & After the Babylonians