The Scramble for Africa Imperialism Begins What is
The Scramble for Africa Imperialism Begins!!!!
What is Imperialism? � Nations Compete for Overseas Empires • Imperialism—seizure of a country or territory by a stronger country (Missionaries First, Paternalistic view – meaning they saw them as children in need of guidance) - Why Imperialize? - Economic Interests - Political and military motives - Humanitarian and religious goals
Forms of Imperial Rule � Protectorate – local rulers were left in place but were expected to follow the advice of European advisors. � Indirect Rule – European’s groomed a new ruler to follow their lead. � Sphere of Influence – an outside power claimed exclusive investment or trading privileges.
Africa Before European Domination � Problems • Discourage Exploration Armies, rivers, disease discourage exploration • The Congo Sparks Interest • Henry Stanley helps King Leopold II of Belgium acquire land in Congo, search for Dr. Livingston • Leopold brutally exploits Africans; millions die
Forces Driving Imperialism
The Division of Africa The Lure of Wealth • Discovery of gold and diamonds increases interest in colonization � Berlin Conference Divides Africa • Berlin Conference— 14 nations agree on rules for division (1884– 85): - countries must claim land prove ability to control it • By 1914, only Liberia and Ethiopia (Menelik II) are free of European control � Demand for Raw Materials Shapes Colonies • Raw materials are greatest source of wealth in Africa - Businesses develop cash-crop plantations �
Blood Diamonds
Three Groups Clash over South Africa � Zulus Fight the British � Boers and British Settle in the Cape • Shaka—Zulu chief—creates centralized state around 1816 • British defeat Zulus and gain control of Zulu nation in 1887 • Boers, or Dutch farmers, take Africans’ land, establish large farms • Boers clash with British over land � The • • Boer War between British, Boers begins in 1899 British win
How Diamonds are Found
Blood Diamonds Video � http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=aaq. Qj. Iz. Ibi Y&noredirect=1
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