The Scientific Method Observation Make an observation about

The Scientific Method

Observation • Make an observation about the natural world that you are interested in. • Example: Students noticed that some frogs in their area had deformities.

Ask a Question • Based on your observation, ask yourself a question. • Example: “Could UV exposure be causing the frog deformities? ”

Write a Hypothesis • A hypothesis is an explanation of what may be happening based on scientific reasoning. It has to be testable. • Remember to use an “If/then” statement. • Example: If there is an increase in exposure to U. V. light, then some frog eggs will develop into deformed frogs.

Experiment • An experiment is a planned procedure to test a hypothesis. • This is where you make more observations and collect your data! • Example: Students created 3 groups of frog eggs and exposed each group to U. V. light for different amounts of time. The number of deformed frogs which developed was recorded.

Experiment cont. • Control Group – group that receives no experimental treatment. • Independent variable– the one factor that is changed during an experiment. • Dependent variable – the variable that is measured in the experiment. • Example: – Control – embryos not treated with UV light. – Independent variable – amount of UV exposure. – Dependent variable - # of deformed frogs that hatched.

Analyze data • Compile your results and create a visual graphic to represent them. • Example

Make a Conclusion • Once data is collected analyzed a conclusion as to whether the data supports or rejects the hypothesis is made. • Example: The UV light experiment supports the hypothesis that frog deformities can be caused by exposing the eggs to UV light.

The Big “ 3” of Science • Equal (keep everything equal) • Repeat (experiments must be repeated many times) • Honest/Accurate results (scientists are expected to report honestly and accurately)