THE ROMANTIC PERIOD 1820 1900 Similarities to Classical

• THE ROMANTIC PERIOD (1820 -1900) • Similarities to Classical but… • Uses greater range of…. • Tone color • Dynamics • Pitch • The harmonies are broader • The use of unstable chords

• THE ROMANTIC PERIOD (1820 -1900) • Characteristics • Style • emphasis on heart over mind & selfexpression , individuality • Aims & Strengths • universe of feelings • nature vs. supernatural

• THE ROMANTIC PERIOD (1820 -1900) • Characteristics • Nationalism & Exoticism • expressing deliberately music credited to identity of a specific country • setting music with styles associated with foreign nationalities

• THE ROMANTIC PERIOD (1820 -1900) • Characteristics • Program Music • Instrumental music associated with story or poem, idea, scene • Expressive tone color • using timbre alone to create mood & atmosphere • Romantic orchestra larger with more color options

• THE ROMANTIC PERIOD (1820 -1900) • Characteristics • • • Colorful Harmony chromatic harmony 12 tones scale unstable unsettled

• THE ROMANTIC PERIOD (1820 -1900) • Characteristics • • Expanded range of dynamics, pitch & tempo use of pppp and ffff plus longer cresendo’s & decresendo’s extreme high notes and low notes • rubato feel = free feeling tempo of slightly slower or faster

• THE ROMANTIC PERIOD (1820 -1900) • THE ART SONG • solo voice & piano / setting to poems to music • Strophic form = new lyric but same music per stanza • Through composed form = new music and new lyric per stanza • Song Cycle = group of art songs that tell a larger story or theme

• • THE ROMANTIC PERIOD (1820 -1900) Schubert born Vienna earliest romantic great love of poetry lead to art song (143 total written) died at 31

THE ROMANTIC PERIOD (1820 -1900) Listening Journal : Schubert : The Erlking Through Composed father riding home sick child sick boy has visions of the Erlking (king of Elves symbol of death) • galloping accompaniment • mounting tension of through composed • climax @ end when father arrives home but boy has died • • •

• • • THE ROMANTIC PERIOD (1820 -1900) The Schumann’s Robert & Clara (married couple) German composers who meet in Leipzig Her father forbid them from marrying Robert was more well known as a composer She was performing pianist Robert wrote mainly piano pieces Wrote some Art songs

• THE ROMANTIC PERIOD (1820 -1900) • The Schumann’s • • • Listening Journal: Carnaval (Robert) Selected songs from Carnaval song cycle Cycle of 21 brief song Each has descriptive title evoking a characters, moods, ect. . at a masked ball Listening Journal: Liebst du um Schonheit (Clara) From a song cycle written in 1841 9 songs of Robert + 3 songs of Clara Would often write love notes in music to each other Clara’s song glorifies romantic love

• THE ROMANTIC PERIOD (1820 -1900) • Chopin • only great composer who wrote almost exclusively for the Piano • born Warsaw Poland (1810 -1849) • @ 21 moved to Paris • feel into life with the aristocratic society

• THE ROMANTIC PERIOD (1820 -1900) • Chopin • played more in upper class salons rather than concert halls • was reserved shy man • wrote nocturnes, waltzes, preludes, etudes • died of tuberculosis @ 39.

• THE ROMANTIC PERIOD (1820 -1900) • Chopin • Listening Journal : • Chopin : Nocturne in Eb Major • Listening Journal : • Chopin : Etude in C Minor