The Roaring 20s Henry Fordmass production Model T

The Roaring 20’s

• Henry Ford-mass production • Model T: 1908: $850, Detroit location, 1927: $290 (56% own one) • Gas stations-Standard Oil • Hwy system • Airplane-new way to travel across the U. S. or between continents Transportation

• Advertisements, magazines (Life), news, ads • Buying on credit • Electric washers, vacuum cleaners, irons, radio, refrigerator sales, dishwashers Consumer Culture

• 3 R’s: reading, writing and arithmetic • Sigmund Freud-Austrian psychologist; theories about behavior Education

• Religious fundamentalism-emphasizing Protestant teachings • Scopes-Monkey Trial (1925)-TN law making it illegal to teach Darwin’s Theory of Evolution; Scopes taught it and was arrested, found guilty Religion

• Red Scare-fear of communism (Bolshevik Revolution) • Quota systems-limiting immigration from specific countries (Emergency Quota Act-favored northern European immigration) • Sacco and Vanzetti Trial (1927)-immigrants, accused of robbery and murder, evidence was sparse, they were convicted and executed • KKK rises again Other Social Issues

• Prohibition-18 th amendment (1919) • Al Capone-Chicago gang leader • Bootleggers • Speakeasies-secret drinking establishments • Women-challenging political, economic, social and educational boundaries • Right to vote-19 th amendment (1920) Other Social Issues

• Jim Crow • Marcus Garvey-”Back to Africa” movement Other Social Issues

• Flappers-shorter hemlines, more makeup, danced, assumed she had the same political and social rights as men • Dance-”The Charleston” • Charlie Chaplin-silent film star • Disney-Steamboat Willie (1928) • The Jazz Singer (1927)-Al Jolson-first movie with sound • Phonograph and radio • Radio station-KDKA (1920) Social Life

• 1927 -Gene Tunney and Jack Dempsey boxing match • Babe Ruth-Sultan of Swat and Ty Cobb-“Georgia Peach”baseball • Bobby Jones-golf • Charles Lindbergh-daredevil. Spirit of St. Louis flight across the Atlantic Sports/Entertainment

• Jazz age, blues • Louis Armstrong-trumpeter and singer from New Orleans -jazz • Duke Ellington-composer and pianist • Tin Pan Alley-NY (area of musicians, songwriters, etc. ) • Irving Berlin-Tin Pan Alley-a composer (musicals, show tunes), Jewish “White Christmas” “God Bless America” Music

• Lost Generation-no longer had faith in the cultural guideposts of the Victorian Era F. Scott Fitzgerald-”The Great Gatsby” Hemingway-”Farewell to Arms” William Faulkner-”The Sound and the Fury” • Harlem Renaissance-explored black America (1920 -1940), began in Harlem, NY; painters, dancers, musicians, writers Literary voice-Langston Hughes Literature

The 1930 s

• • • The Wizard of Oz-1939 Mr. Smith Goes to Washington Snow White and the 7 Dwarfs-1937 King Kong-1933 Gone with the Wind-1939 Film corporations-MGM, Warner Brothers, 20 th Century Fox, Paramount • 2/3 attended a movie once a week Movies/film

• • • Bob Hope Shirley Temple 3 Stooges The Lone Ranger-1933 War of the Worlds-1938 (starts with radio) Shows/later T. V.

• • NBC & CBS-Broadcasting giants Fred Astaire-swing Bing Crosby-singer/actor Duke Ellington-”It don’t mean a thing if you ain’t got that swing” • 2/3 homes owned a radio; by the end of the decade, 9/10 homes own one Radio

• Grapes of Wrath Literature

• Comic strips-Flash Gordon, Dick Tracy, Superman, Little Orphan Annie, Popeye (1929) Other