THE REPORTED SPEECH Isabel Soares ISCSP English B

THE REPORTED SPEECH Isabel Soares - ISCSP - English B 2 (Nível III)

THE REPORTED SPEECH • When the reporting verb is in the Simple Present, Present Perfect or Future Simple there are no changes in the reported speech. Direct Speech: I can explain. Reported Speech: He says he can explain. He has said he can explain. He will say he can explain. Isabel Soares - ISCSP - English B 2 (Nível III)

THE REPORTED SPEECH • When the reporting verb is in any of the tenses of the past the verbs of the direct speech need to be changed: Direct Speech Reported Speech Simple Present → Simple Past Pres. Continuous → Past Continuous Simple Past → Past Perfect Present Perfect → Past Perfect Isabel Soares - ISCSP - English B 2 (Nível III)

THE REPORTED SPEECH Direct Speech Future Imperative → → Reported Speech Conditonal (would +inf) To-infinitive Direct Speech: She drinks tea. Reported Speech: She said she DRUNK tea. Direct Speech: He ate a cake. Reported Speech: He said he HAD EATEN a cake. Isabel Soares - ISCSP - English B 2 (Nível III)

THE REPORTED SPEECH • Reporting the Imperative - The imperative changes into a to-infinitive. - It is introduced by verbs such as tell, order, ask, warn, advise, request. Direct Speech: Go away! Reported Speech: He told me to go away. Direct Speech: Do the homework! Reported Speech: He ordered me to do the homework. Isabel Soares - ISCSP - English B 2 (Nível III)

THE REPORTED SPEECH • Other changes: Direct Speech Here This These Now Today Tonight → → → Reported Speech There That Those Then That day That night Isabel Soares - ISCSP - English B 2 (Nível III)

THE REPORTED SPEECH • Other changes: Direct Speech Tomorrow → Yesterday Next week Ago → → → Reported Speech The next day The following day The day before The following week Before Isabel Soares - ISCSP - English B 2 (Nível III)

THE REPORTED SPEECH • Exercises 1. They don’t know the school rules. The headmaster said 2. Don’t speak so loud! I advised them 3. The farmers are facing difficult problems. We were informed that 4. They didn’t send the documents yesterday. The police said Isabel Soares - ISCSP - English B 2 (Nível III)

THE REPORTED SPEECH 5. This is the biggest challenge we have ever faced. One of the entrepreneurs said 6. The government has sent specialized fire fighters to the area. The spokesman said 7. Some days ago the refugees refused to be deported. The journalist reported that Isabel Soares - ISCSP - English B 2 (Nível III)

THE REPORTED SPEECH • Solutions 1. The headmaster said they didn’t know the school rules. 2. I advised them not to speak so loud. 3. We were informed that the farmers were facing difficult problems. 4. The police said they hadn’t sent the documents the day before. 5. One of the entrepreneurs said (that) that was the biggest challenge they had ever faced. Isabel Soares - ISCSP - English B 2 (Nível III)

THE REPORTED SPEECH 6. The spokesman said the government had sent specialized fire fighters to the area. 7. The journalist reported that some days before the refugees had refused to be deported. Isabel Soares - ISCSP - English B 2 (Nível III)

THE REPORTED SPEECH • Reporting Questions - There is no auxiliary “to do” Direct Speech: What do you want? Reported Speech: He asked what I wanted. - In questions without interrogative pronouns you use whether or if. Direct Speech: Do you know John? Reported Speech: He asked whether I knew John. if Isabel Soares - ISCSP - English B 2 (Nível III)

THE REPORTED SPEECH • - Reporting Questions Reporting verbs for the interrogative: Ask, enquire, wonder, want to know EXERCISES: 1. Who will go to the disco with me? John asked Steven 2. What is happening now? Jill wanted to know Isabel Soares - ISCSP - English B 2 (Nível III)

THE REPORTED SPEECH 3. Is Jim younger or older than Michael? The teacher asked 4. Have you seen the beautiful things made by this craftsman? The tourist asked 5. Did he suggest any treaties with the enemy? The general wondered Isabel Soares - ISCSP - English B 2 (Nível III)

THE REPORTED SPEECH Reporting Questions – Solutions 1. John asked Steven who would go to the disco with him. 2. Jill wanted to know what was happening then. 3. The teacher asked whether Jim was older than Michael. 4. The tourist asked if they had seen the beautiful things made by that craftsman. 5. The general wondered if he had suggested any treaties with the enemy. Isabel Soares - ISCSP - English B 2 (Nível III)