The RePhysicalization of Physics by Albrecht Giese Hamburg

The Re-Physicalization of Physics by Albrecht Giese Hamburg, Germany Puebla 2008 www. ag-physics. org 1 1

The Re-Physicalization of Physics Contents Ø Problems of Present Physics Ø Changing to Reality Physics • General: Reductionism • Example: Fermat’s Principle • Example: Special Relativity • Example: General Relativity • Example: Origin of Mass Ø Historical Background of the present paradigm ‘ 2 2

The Re-Physicalization of Physics Contents Ø Problems of Present Physics Ø Changing to Reality Physics • General: Reductionism • Example: Fermat’s Principle • Example: Special Relativity • Example: General Relativity • Example: Origin of Mass Ø Historical Background of the present paradigm ‘ 3 3

The Re-Physicalization of Physics Problems of Present Physics Ø Quantum Gravity String theory? 10500 solutions Ø Cosmological constants: 10100 Uni-(Multi)verses necessary? Ø Inflation: Increase of scale by 1050 Ø Gravity: Dark Matter, Dark Energy, Pioneer anomaly L. Susskind (2006): Present physics is at a dead end to such an extend, that we ought to go back 2500 years – before Aristotle and start again from the beginning! ‘ 4 4

The Re-Physicalization of Physics Contents Ø Problems of Present Physics Ø Changing to Reality Physics • General: Reductionism • Example: Fermat’s Principle • Example: Special Relativity • Example: General Relativity • Example: Origin of Mass Ø Historical Background of the present paradigm ‘ 5 5

The Re-Physicalization of Physics Reductionism Galileo's Free Fall: Layer 0 Physical Description Layer -1 Layer -2 ? Physical Description – Newton's Law of Motion: is physical law for Layer 0 Newton's Gravity: Physical Description – is physical law for Layer -1 ? Einstein? ? ‘ 6

The Re-Physicalization of Physics Reductionism truncated Einstein: Layer 0 Layer -1 ? Layer -2 Theory of Relativity Heisenberg et al. : X Particle-Wave-Dualism Vacuum Fluctuations … Relativity Principle Equivalence Principle X X Origin of Relativity Quantum Theory ! Origin of Particle-Wave True structure of particles ‘ 7 7

The Re-Physicalization of Physics Contents Ø Problems of Present Physics Ø Changing to Reality Physics • General: Reductionism • Example: Fermat’s Principle • Example: Special Relativity • Example: General Relativity • Example: Origin of Mass Ø Historical Background of the present paradigm ‘ 8 8

The Re-Physicalization of Physics Fermat: The Principle of minimum time c 1 = c 2 c 1 > c 2 ‘ /structure 9 9

The Re-Physicalization of Physics Reductionism for Fermat Layer 0 Fermat’s Principle Huygen’s Principle Minimum time Superposition of waves Layer -1 Layer -2 Interaction of photons with matter Electromagnetism We can understand the way down from Fermat to Electromagnetism as ‘ a way from a principle to Physical Reality 10 10

The Re-Physicalization of Physics Contents Ø Problems of Present Physics Ø Changing to Reality Physics • General: Reductionism • Example: Fermat’s Principle • Example: Special Relativity • Example: General Relativity • Example: Origin of Mass Ø Historical Background of the present paradigm ‘ 11 11

The Re-Physicalization of Physics Reductionism applied for Special Relativity Einstein: Lorentz Transformation using Layer 0 (c‘=c; Relativity Principle) Extended Galilei-transformation Layer -1 X Layer -2 (i=0. . 3; x 0=ct) Galilei-transformation (i=1. . 3) Einstein has interpreted this result as a change of space and time Reality physics Relativity Theory: Lorentz Transformation Layer 0 Contraction of fields Slow down of oscillations Layer -1 Structure of fields Structure of elementary particles Layer -2 Structure of sub-particles … Layer -3 ‘ 12 12

The Re-Physicalization of Physics The Elements of Special Relativity • Contraction Lorentz • Dilation Structure of matter • Increase of Mass Origin of mass • Energy-Mass Relation ‘ 13 13

The Re-Physicalization of Physics Contraction: Contraction of fields of objects was given by Hendrik Lorentz - is a general property of all kinds of fields - ‘ 14 14

The Re-Physicalization of Physics Structure of an Elementary Particle: History of the internal motion 1908: J. Ziegler Motion at c within an ‘atom’ 1924: L. de Broglie Internal oscillation causes ‘matter waves’ frequency: 1928: P. Dirac Relativistic QM-function of the electron: 1930: E. Schrödinger Evaluation of the Dirac Function: c zitterbewegung ‘ 15 15

The Re-Physicalization of Physics “Zitterbewegung” (Schrödinger) Completed Structure of an Elementary Particle: (de Broglie 1924) (Dirac / Schrödinger 1928/30) orbit (Spin, mag. moment) (Momentum law) (Relativity) No conflict with the electron experiments ‘ 16 16

The Re-Physicalization of Physics Dilation: ‘ 17 17

The Re-Physicalization of Physics Contents Ø Problems of Present Physics Ø Changing to Reality Physics • General: Reductionism • Example: Fermat’s Principle • Example: Special Relativity • Example: Origin of Mass • Example: General Relativity Ø Historical Background of the present paradigm ‘ 18 18

The Re-Physicalization of Physics The Origin of Mass: Bind of the Basic Particles ‘ /rmass 19 19

The Re-Physicalization of Physics Bind of the Basic Particles r r F F ‘ /rmass 20 20

The Basic Particle Model : Origin of Mass The Re-Physicalization of Physics The Mass Equation universal for all elem. particles! The classical magnetic moment: Radius R computed from the magnetic moment and then inserted above the correct mass m Or both equations combined: = Bohr magneton in case of the electron universally valid for all elem. particles ‘ ‘ /rmass 21 21

Relativity: Origin of Mass The Re-Physicalization of Physics Mass and Increase of Mass ------------------------------------------------------------ Relativistic increase of mass: From Putting the object to motion: Spin: Classical angular momentum ‘ /rmass 22 22

The Re-Physicalization of Physics The Origin of Mass Existing Models Higgs Boson Vacuum fluctuations Basic Particle Model Higgs Model ‘ 23 23

The Re-Physicalization of Physics Contents Ø Problems of Present Physics Ø Changing to Reality Physics • General: Reductionism • Example: Fermat’s Principle • Example: Special Relativity • Example: Origin of Mass • Example: General Relativity Ø Historical Background of the present paradigm ‘ 24 24

The Re-Physicalization of Physics Reductionism for General Relativity Einstein: Layer 0 Schwarzschild-Equation (spherical field) Einstein Equation Layer -1 X Layer -2 Reality physics Schwarzschild-Equation Layer 0 Slow down of ‘c’ Contraction of fields Slow down of oscillations Layer -1 Equivalence Principle: Mass Energy Gravity Acceleration Interaction of Basic Particles with the Strong Field Layer -2 Einstein has interpreted this result as a change of space and time Structure of sub-particles … Layer -3 ‘ 25 25

The Re-Physicalization of Physics The Shapiro-Experiment: c Einstein‘s view: this is a seeming reduction of c c P=1/2 or 1 depending on direction ‘ /gravity 26 26

The Re-Physicalization of Physics The gravitational field of the sun: P=1/2 or 1 depending on direction Einstein‘s view: the path ís straight but the space is curved The application of classical refraction yields for the vertex: Integrating deflection from – to + yields: 1. 75 arcsec …. with Newton: 0. 88 arcsec This was the great breakthrough for Einstein in 1919 (Solar eclipse)!! /gravity Now: Acceleration at rest!! ‘ 27 27

The Re-Physicalization of Physics Elementary Particle in a Gravitational Field (with Vertical Axis): c c No dependency of the mass! Gravit. Source /gravity ‘ 28 28

The Re-Physicalization of Physics Why is ‘c’ reduced? --> by the perturbed path of a light-like particle Force is the Strong Force This solves Quantum Gravity! Average speed <c Reduction of c independent of Radius /gravity independent of mass ‘ 29 29

The Re-Physicalization of Physics Deflection quantitatively Deflection (cross speed) depends on original rate, entropy, distance original rate (number of sources) entropy distance Single deflections add on in a statistical manner: Cross speed Now the reduction of ‘c’: ‘ /gravity 30 30

The Re-Physicalization of Physics Deflection quantitatively (2) Conforms to Einstein / Schwarzschild (except for N) ‘ /gravity 31 31

The Re-Physicalization of Physics Changes of space and time? T = Period time In the gravitational field the quantities change to: (from experiments) ‘ /gravity 32 32

The Re-Physicalization of Physics The way to Schwarzschild Special relativity: (from Lorentz transformation) (if mult. by (dt/d )2) (with , and reordered) (transformed to polar co-ordinates) Gravity ON: with (Schröder 9. 16) /gravity ‘ 33 33

The Re-Physicalization of Physics Contents Ø Problems of Present Physics Ø Changing to Reality Physics • General: Reductionism • Example: Fermat’s Principle • Example: Special Relativity • Example: Origin of Mass • Example: General Relativity Ø Historical Background of the present paradigm ‘ 34 34

The Re-Physicalization of Physics Contents Ø Problems of Present Physics Ø Changing to Reality Physics • General: Reductionism • Example: Fermat’s Principle • Example: Special Relativity • Example: Origin of Mass • Example: General Relativity Ø Historical Background of the present paradigm ‘ 35 35

The Re-Physicalization of Physics A specific German grammar-school called “Humanistic Gymnasium” was standard for intelligent young people until the middle of 20 th century It was mainly related to the ancient Greek philosophy • Plato • Aristotle • … and the ability for abstract thinking meant a high value ‘ 36 36

The Re-Physicalization of Physics The structural world of Plato: Newton: Fout = Fin Fout Plato: Circuit is structural rule W. Heisenberg: “Quantum mechanics can only be correct if it conforms to the structure ideas of Plato” ‘ 37 37

The Re-Physicalization of Physics The point of abstraction: 10! ØObject-related: There apples ØAbstraction-related: There is an application of the number of 10 Einstein has learned at school: A person is higher-minded if abstraction-related Einstein was impressed by the “Beauty of the GR-Formalism” ‘ 38 38

The Re-Physicalization of Physics Which way to develop physics? Original Paradigm: Present Paradigm: Following Newton, Lorentz, de. Broglie … to investigate Following Plato, Heisenberg, Bohr … to argue with Processes in Detail Symmetries and Principles ‘ 39 39

The Re-Physicalization of Physics The End ‘ /gravity 40 40