The ReninAngiotensinAldosterone System Front Main Menu Restart Sources

The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Front Main Menu Restart Sources Quiz You bet! This tutorial will take you through the RAA System (RAAS). Here's how it's organized: This space will give you information about the pathway, and Not right now feedback on your answers. Main navigation buttons are to the left. Buttons to answer questions are to the right And the questions you are supposed to answer appear in the bar below. Back Ready to start?

The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Main Menu Restart Sources Quiz The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System is one of the most important pathways in your body. It’s part of the vital Generalized Stress Response that you use to survive injuries and emergencies. But what turns it on? High BP isn’t good for you, blood but it’s not an pressure emergency. Low Right! That needs to be blood fixed pronto! pressure That’s your rest Paraand digest system… not sympathetic an system emergency.

The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Main Menu Restart Sources Quiz Good work! The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System will turn on when your blood pressure drops. It’s often activated by the Sympathetic System, your ‘fight or flight’ response. But it can be activated by another organ too. The first word gives you a clue. What organ can activate the RAAS? The liver makes plasma liverbut proteins, doesn’t turn on the RAAS. Right! The kidneys start the RAAS The spleen can release blood into the spleen circulation, but not turn on the RAAS.

The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Main Menu Restart The kidneys won’t put up with low blood pressure, and they turn on the RAAS to fix it. Central These notice low baro. BP and alert the SNS, receptors not the RAAS. This is the end of the kidneys’ Low urine job. It makes moreprosense for duction them to react at thje beginning. Sources Quiz Right! Low renal blood flow But how did they know the BP was low?

The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Main Menu Decreased blood flow to kidneys Restart Sources Quiz That's right! decreased renal blood flow will alert the kidneys to your decrease in blood pressure. This means that sometimes the kidneys make a mistake. If your renal arteries were blocked, for instance, the kidneys would always be turning on the RAA System, even if your blood pressure was fine. What will the kidneys do when they sense decreased renal They don’t have any contract muscle fibers. This would Release raise BP – but epi-the it’s from adrenal nephrine medulla. Good work! Release renin

The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Main Menu Decreased blood flow to kidneys Restart Sources Quiz Kidneys secrete RENIN into blood Right! Renin is secreted into the blood like a hormone, but it doesn't directly influence other cells. Instead, it interacts with another protein in the blood. What protein does renin react with? This is in the pathway, but Angiowe haven’t tensin made it yet. This is from the adrenal epi-not medulla, made in the nephrine blood. Angiotensinogen Good work!

The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Main Menu Decreased blood flow to kidneys Restart Sources Kidneys secrete RENIN into blood Quiz RENIN reacts with angiotensinogen And what will it make? That’s right! Angiotensin. Angioogen means ‘angiotensin maker’ – ‘gen’ as in ‘genesis’. This is from Erythrokidneys, but it’spoietin not part of this pathway. This is actually used to make cheese… don’t rennin mix it up with renin!

The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Main Menu Restart Sources Decreased blood flow to kidneys Kidneys secrete RENIN into blood Look at the word again. Angio=blood Increase vessels. heart rate Tensin=tighten RENIN reacts with angiotensinogen Angiotensin I is formed Quiz This first angiotensin is called Angiotensin I. You will see a different kind of angiotensin later. Look at the Increase word again. Angio=blood vessels. volume Tensin=tighten Increase Right! peripheral resistance What would something called angiotensin do to raise BP?

The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Main Menu Restart Sources Decreased blood flow to kidneys Kidneys secrete RENIN into blood Right! Angio- tensin II RENIN reacts with angiotensinogen Angiotensin I is formed Quiz Right! Angiotensin I constricts blood vessels in the other tissues, so there will be a higher blood pressure in the kidneys. But it isn't a very strong vasoconstrictor, so the body turns it into another compound that is stronger. What do you think it will be turned into? This constricts vessels, but it Epinisn’t related to ephrine angiotensin. This is the Angiocompound that created tensinthe ogen angiotensin I!

The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Main Menu Restart Sources Quiz Decreased blood flow to kidneys This stands for ADH anti-diuretic hormome Kidneys secrete RENIN into blood RENIN reacts with angiotensinogen Angiotensin I is formed A weak vasoconstrictor converted to Angiotensin II A strong vasoconstrictor Right! Angiotensin II is a much stronger vasoconstrictor. It can raise the renal blood flow and make the kidneys happier. What enzyme turned angiotensin II? Right! This stands for angiotensin ACE converting enzyme This is atrial natriuretic factor ANF

The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Main Menu Restart Sources Quiz A lot of your blood does go to the brain, brain but does all of it? Decreased blood flow to kidneys Kidneys secrete RENIN into blood RENIN reacts with angiotensinogen Angiotensin I is formed A weak vasoconstrictor ACE converted to Angiotensin II A strong vasoconstrictor Angiotensin Converting Enzyme is so important in this pathway that some people are given drugs to block it – ACE inhibitors. Where should ACE be located to process the angiotensin Good! All the blood from the body goes lungs through the lungs on its next circuit The kidneys get a lot of blood, but do kidneys they get all of it?

The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Main Menu Restart Sources Quiz Right! there still Less isn’t enough blood – and the floware kidneys getting it! Decreased blood flow to kidneys Kidneys secrete RENIN into blood RENIN reacts with angiotensinogen Angiotensin I is formed A weak vasoconstrictor ACE converted to Angiotensin II If the vessels More are blood constricted? flow A strong vasoconstrictor Since all the blood in your body has to return to the right heart and be sent through the lungs, ACE located in the lungs will be able to affect all the Angiotensin I. Now that Angiotensin II has been produced and is constricting vessels and raising the blood pressure, the kidneys' problem might be solved. But what’s happening to the other organs? But there still isn’t enough Nothing blood – and much the kidneys are getting it!

The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Main Menu Restart Sources Quiz It’s already too low. Lower – that’s why BP blood dropped in the volume first place. Decreased blood flow to kidneys Kidneys secrete RENIN into blood RENIN reacts with angiotensinogen Angiotensin I is formed A weak vasoconstrictor ACE converted to Angiotensin II You’ll need the Shut kidneys to down clean the blood. kidneys A strong vasoconstrictor The kidneys may be happy, but the other organs may not be! This isn’t a good long-term solution. What would solve the long-term problem? This is really Raise the only way, blood isn’t it? volume

The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Main Menu Restart Sources Quiz converted to Angiotensin II To recap: There wasn’t enough blood reaching the kidneys, so they secreted RENIN to start the RAAS. That caused angiotensin I and II to form, and those compounds constricted blood vessels, raising BP. But there still wasn’t enough blood, so now the body needs to increase blood volume. Angiotensin II starts this process by stimulating a gland just above the kidneys. This controls a lot of blood Hypocomposition, but is it near thalamus the kidneys? Not really a Cerebral gland… cortex Right! Adrenal means above Adrenal kidneys. cortex What gland could that be?

The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Main Menu Restart Angiotensin II Adrenal cortex releases Aldosterone Sources This moves the blood, but it Cardiac doesn’t make more blood. muscle Right! Renal Na+/K+ pump Quiz Right! The adrenal cortex stimulates an increase in blood volume by secreting ALDOSTERONE. But since the adrenal cortex doesn't have the ability to make plasma, it has to tell another organ to do it. What will the aldosterone activate to increase plasma This makes red blood cells, but. Bone not plasma. marrow

The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Main Menu Angiotensin II Restart Adrenal cortex releases Aldosterone Sources Renal Na+/K+ pump activated Quiz 3 Na+ to blood, 2 Right! K+ to urine 3 Na+ to That would actually urine, 2 decrease K+ to blood volume. blood Right! The Na+/K+ ATPase in the kidneys controls the movement of ions between the urine and the blood. Which way will it move these ions? It’s an exchange Both to pump, so it blood can’t do this.

The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Main Menu Angiotensin II Restart Adrenal cortex releases Aldosterone Sources Renal Na+/K+ pump activated Quiz 3 Na+ reabsorbed into blood 2 K+ secreted into urine The renal Na+/K+ ATPase is just like the Na+/K+ ATPase in your cells. It moves 3 Na+ from urine to blood and 2 molecules of K+ from blood to urine. In kidney physiology, we say the Na+ is ‘reabsorbed’ and the K+ is ‘secreted. ’ Which way will water move? Right! Water Into follows the solutes! blood There are more solutes moving into Into the blood, so urine water will follow. There’s a net No net movement of movesolutes into blood, isn’t ment there?

The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Main Menu Angiotensin II Restart Adrenal cortex releases Aldosterone Sources Renal Na+/K+ pump activated Quiz 3 Na+ reabsorbed into blood 2 K+ secreted into urine Water follows by osmosis Good work! When the 3 Na+ are reabsorbed into the blood, water will follow them. How will this movement of water and solutes into the Blood will This happens when blood become gains solutes. hypertonic Blood will This happens become when blood hypogains water. tonic Good! The Blood blood gained tonicity water AND solutes, so its won’t tonicity didn’t change.

The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Main Menu Angiotensin II Restart Adrenal cortex releases Aldosterone Sources Renal Na+/K+ pump activated Quiz 3 Na+ reabsorbed into blood 2 K+ secreted into urine Water follows by osmosis Right! As both solutes and water enter the blood, blood tonicity will not change. What will happen to blood volume? increase Right! You just added salt water to the blood. decrease How will that change its volume? You just added salt water to the blood. No change Won’t that change its volume?

The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Angiotensin II Main Menu Restart Adrenal cortex releases Aldosterone Sources Renal Na+/K+ pump activated Quiz 3 Na+ reabsorbed into blood 2 K+ secreted into urine Water follows by osmosis Blood volume increases What will happen to urine volume? You just took salt water out of the urine. increase How will that change its volume? Right! decrease You just took salt water out of the urine. No change Won’t that change its volume?

The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Angiotensin II Main Menu Restart Adrenal cortex releases Aldosterone Sources Renal Na+/K+ pump activated Quiz 3 Na+ reabsorbed into blood 2 K+ secreted into urine Water follows by osmosis Blood volume increases Urine volume decreases What will happen to blood K+ levels? You moved a bunch of K+ into the urine. increase Will there be more or less in the blood? Right! decrease You moved a bunch of K+ into the urine. No change Won’t that change blood K+?

The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Angiotensin II Main Menu Right! Restart Adrenal cortex releases Aldosterone Sources Renal Na+/K+ pump activated Quiz 3 Na+ reabsorbed into blood Water follows by osmosis Blood volume increases increase 2 K+ secreted into urine Blood [K+] decreases Urine volume decreases How will all this affect blood pressure? Urine [K+] increases You increased blood volume, decrease didn’t you? You increased No change blood volume, didn’t you?

The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Adrenal cortex releases Aldosterone Main Menu Renal Na+/K+ pump activated Restart Sources Quiz They’re working hard! They’ll They need O 2 need less to make ATP. 3 Na+ reabsorbed into blood Water follows by osmosis Blood volume increases blood 2 K+ secreted into urine Blood [K+] decreases Urine volume decreases Blood pressure increases How will all this affect the kidneys? Urine [K+] increases Right! Blood They’ll volume is up, so kidneys get more! blood You increased blood volume, No change didn’t you?

The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Main Menu Restart Sources Quiz Renal Na+/K+ pump activated 3 Na+ reabsorbed into blood Water follows by osmosis Blood volume increases Urine volume decreases Blood pressure increases Renal blood flow returns to normal: kidneys stop secreting renin and the RAAS stops. Good work! You might want to try the quiz now.

The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System This pathway can be found in any Anatomy and Physiology text. Main Menu cite this program as: Bowne, P. , 2015. Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Tutorial. Retrieved on [insert today's date] from the World Wide Web at Restart [insert the URL by which you reached this tutorial]. You can contact the author at: Sources pat. bowne@alverno. edu Patricia S. Bowne Quiz Biology Department Alverno College 3401 S. 39 th St. Milwaukee, WI 53234