The Renaissance Chapter 13 5 Christian Humanism Northern

The Renaissance Chapter 13 -5 Christian Humanism

Northern Renaissance Adapted Italian ideas to their own traditions and cultures n North was more Christian, pius, humble n More interest in Christian ancient manuscripts n Studied Biblical and Christian themes n Reflected in the arts (not many nudes in the North) n

Christian Humanists Wanted a more ethical way of life n Wanted to use the new ideas to create a better (more Christian) world n Wanted to use reason and intellect to REFORM people and society n Christian Humanism: the blending of classical ideals with Christian principles to create a more ethical society n

Humanism v Christian Humanism: What can the ancient texts reveal about human nature which will enable individuals to reach their full potential? n n The celebration of the individual (virtu) Christian Humanism: How can we blend classical ideals with Christian principles to create a better world? n The quest to reform

In the Arts n In Italy, art was no longer used to convey a concept or the big idea…The art, itself was enough n n Religious scenes but secular themes In the North, the art is still sending a message (usually a religious one) (preoccupation with death) n The art often had secular scenes but religious themes!

Erasmus The most famous and celebrated of all of the Northern Humanists n Was a master and THE authority of Greek n Made new translations of the Greek and Latin versions of the New Testament n Were much different from the Vulgate n Was the first humanist to make a living by writing n

Erasmus Wrote The Praise of Folly 1550 n Only the Bible sold more copies n Was written in Latin n Was critical of the Church and other institutions n Was a big inspiration to Luther later n BUT was a loyal Christian n Erasmus believed that education was the key to reform n

Sir Thomas More Writer and Civic Humanist n Was Chancellor to Henry VIII n Highest position of all!. . . and was beheaded because he was unwilling to take an oath of loyalty to Henry as head of the Church of England n

More Wrote Utopia n Described a perfect society in which civic humanism was mixed with religious ideals n Believed that accumulation of property was the root of society’s problems n Thought that war, poverty, suffering would disappear if people were willing to sacrifice individual rights for the common good. (communism? ) n

D’Etables Leading French Humanist n Produced 5 versions of the psalms that challenged a single version of the Bible n n Was a devout Catholic who will later be seen as an enemy of the Church

Rabelais Produced French secular writings that portrayed confidence in human nature n Wrote Gargantua and Pantagreul: satirized French society n Championed secular learning n Attacked clerical education n

Montaigne The Essay n Introduced Skepticism: Doubted that true knowledge could be attained so tolerance is in order n

Shakespeare n The greatest playwright of all time

Cervantes Wrote Don Quixote n Was a chivalric romance n The first modern novel n Was critical of excessive religious idealism n

Francesco Ximenes de Cisneros Spanish humanist and reformer n A member of the Spanish clergy n Spain escaped a reformation because he cleaned up Church abuses in Spain n Was Grand Inquisitor of the Spanish Inquisition n Not all Humanists were tolerant Created the Polyglot Bible: 3 columns of Hebrew, Greek, Latin translations of the Bible