The Reformation Why did Martin Luther want to

The Reformation Why did Martin Luther want to break away from the Catholic Church?

Causes of the Reformation • Catholic Pope has influence over most European monarchs • 1400 s: Renaissance emphasizes secular (non-religious) ideas • Printing Press (Gutenberg) made it easy to spread those ideas • 1500 s: Catholic Monk Martin Luther challenges corruptness of church. Luther from a German state part of the Holy Roman Empire VQ: Why was Luther disgusted by his trip to Rome? • Catholic Church sells indulgences (forgiveness) VQ: How does the church use fear to sell indulgences? • Luther writes 95 Thesis VQ: How are Luther’s ideas spread? 95 Thesis 1. no selling indulgences 2. no purgatory 3. Write bible in people’s native language, 4. Bible is final authority, not Pope

A New Religion • Pope forces HR Emperor Charles V to put Luther on trial • Pope excommunicates Luther, his followers start new religion Protestantism, violence ensues VQ: How does Luther feel about violence in “his name” • Holy Roman Empire torn apart when parts of Empire follow the new religion VQ: How do the Princes stand up to the HR Emperor? • Due to Reformation, Catholic Church makes changes known as Catholic or Counter-reformation Counter Reformation Reason Council of Cardinals investigate the selling of indulgences Council of Trent Order of Jesuits Clarify Catholic beliefs & change practices. established schools, Conversion (leads to inquisition)