The Protestant Reformation What was the Protestant Reformation

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The Protestant Reformation

The Protestant Reformation

What was the Protestant Reformation? � The Reformation occurred during Renaissance times. � There

What was the Protestant Reformation? � The Reformation occurred during Renaissance times. � There was split in the Catholic Church � People began to question the church � Intelligence + timing + printing press = protests

What Caused the Reformation? � Renaissance � Strong Monarchs � Black Death � Scientific

What Caused the Reformation? � Renaissance � Strong Monarchs � Black Death � Scientific Advancements � Corruption in the Church

Church Abuses � The church increased fees on common services like baptism and marriage

Church Abuses � The church increased fees on common services like baptism and marriage to pay for these things � Sold Indulgences: Lesson the time the soul would spend in purgatory. � in the Middle Ages indulgences were passed out for good deeds, now they are being sold for money

Luther’s Protest � German Priest Johann Tetzel sold indulgences to anyone who contributed money

Luther’s Protest � German Priest Johann Tetzel sold indulgences to anyone who contributed money to build the new St. Peter’s Cathedral in Rome o Indulgences would assure you entrance into heaven o Also allowed your dead relatives into heaven

Revolt �People began to protest against corruption in the church �In 1517, a German

Revolt �People began to protest against corruption in the church �In 1517, a German monk and professor of theology Martin Luther led a revolt. �Luther was outraged that only the rich who could afford indulgences were allowed into heaven

95 Thesis � Hung the “ 95 Theses” on Church door ▪ No basis

95 Thesis � Hung the “ 95 Theses” on Church door ▪ No basis for Indulgences in the Bible ▪ The Pope had no authority ▪ Christians could be saved only through faith � Excommunicated Leo X � Charles by Pope V the Holy Roman Emperor made it a crime to support Luther

Luther’s Ideas Spread � Printing press spread ideas � German Princes saw this as

Luther’s Ideas Spread � Printing press spread ideas � German Princes saw this as a way to break from Church rule � Peasants revolted and took up Luther’s ideas in hope that things would change serfdom � War in Germany between Charles V and Protestant Princes � Peace of Augsburg Allowed each prince to decide which religion their land would follow

Results • Translated parts of Bible, so everyone could read it • All towns

Results • Translated parts of Bible, so everyone could read it • All towns should have a school • Banned indulgences • Simplified mass. • Clergy could marry

John Calvin � French lawyer and priest � Had difficulties with the church teachings

John Calvin � French lawyer and priest � Had difficulties with the church teachings as well � Preached Predestination The idea that God had long ago determined who would gain salvation How you live is a reflection of whether you have been chosen.

Theocracy in Geneva • Theocracy– Government ran by the Church • stressed hard work,

Theocracy in Geneva • Theocracy– Government ran by the Church • stressed hard work, discipline, thrift, honesty, and morality • Citizens faced fines for fighting, swearing, laughing, in church, or dancing

The Protestant Reformation In France, Calvinists are called Huguenots and Catholics fight Expulsion of

The Protestant Reformation In France, Calvinists are called Huguenots and Catholics fight Expulsion of the Huguenots from Toulouse