THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION Reformation a movement to change
- Slides: 26
THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION Reformation – a movement to change or improve the Catholic Church – most powerful Christian church in Europe (only Christian Church) Unpopular Church Practices (complaints) – Some reformers thought: 1. priests and bishops weren’t very religious anymore 2. Many priests didn’t even know basic church teachings 3. Pope was too involved in politics 4. Church had grown too rich 5. Upset with INDULGENCES!!! Earth = Sin Purgatory = pay for sins Heaven = no sin Create 3 Q&As for a member of the clergy
MARTIN LUTHER AND THE NINETY-FIVE THESES Lutheran Church: • became popular in Germany * On October 31, 1517, a Catholic priest named Martin Luther nailed a list of complaints about the church to a door of a church in Germany The list is called the Ninety-Five Theses Newly invented printing press spread theses quickly Luther’s Teachings: • anyone could have a direct relationship with God 95 Theses – criticized the church and many of its practices (selling of indulgences) • didn’t need priests to talk to God for them • belief should be based on the Bible (not popes or priests) • translated the Bible’s New Testament into German • wrote pamphlets, essays, and songs about his teachings Pope Leo X excommunicated Luther’s ideas eventually led to a split in the Roman Catholic Church. Those who sided with him and protested against the church became known as PROTESTANTS. Luther’s Beliefs – If people believed in God and lived by the Bible = their souls would be saved
OTHER REFORMERS
William Tyndale: • English professor • He thought everyone should be able to read and interpret the Bible • Church taught that only clergy could interpret the Bible
William Tyndale: • Translated the Bible into English = angered the clergy • Clergy tried to arrest him = he fled the country • Eventually captured and executed
William Tyndale: • Tyndale was strangled to death while tied at the stake, and then his dead body was burned. • Tyndale's final words, spoken "with a fervent zeal, and a loud voice", were reported as "Lord! Open the King of England's eyes. " • Within four years, at the same king's behest, four English translations of the Bible were published in England, including Henry's official Great Bible. All were based on Tyndale's work.
John Calvin: • More influential than Tyndale • Taught PREDESTINATION – God knew who would be saved even before they were born • Nothing people did during life would change God’s plan • Still should lead a good life and obey God
John Calvin: • Became religious leader of Geneva , Switzerland • His followers are called Calvinists • Passed laws to make people live according to Calvin’s teachings
John Calvin: • Believed that people were generally sinful = banned many forms of entertainment • No card playing, drinking or dancing = distracted people from religion
Henry VIII • Ruled England from 1509– 1547 • Married six queens, divorced two, beheaded two more • He brought the Reformation to England
Henry VIII Imprisoned bishops and nobles in the Tower of London, beheaded them all.
Henry VIII • Henry needed a son to succeed him on the throne • His wife Catherine had given birth to only daughters • Henry asked the pope to annul his marriage
Henry VIII • The pope would not annul his marriage • Catherine was from Spain, a very Catholic kingdom • the pope did not want to make Catherine’s family angry
Henry VIII • Henry had his bishop annul the marriage any way • the pope EX’D him • Henry declared that the king and not the pope, to be the head of the Church in England
Henry VIII • Henry ordered all Catholics to accept him as the new head of their church • Some refused (Sir Thomas More) and were killed • He seized Catholic land in England
Church of England • The Church of England became known as the Anglican Church • He didn’t change many Catholic rituals
Bloody Mary • Many English Catholics did not want to abandon Catholicism • They backed Henry’s daughter Mary when she became Queen
Bloody Mary • Mary had been raised Catholic and wanted to make England a Catholic kingdom again.
Bloody Mary • • Mary restored the Catholic Church in England She arrested Protestants who opposed her Mary burned 300 people at the stake She was given the nickname “Blood Mary”
Elizabeth I • Mary ruled for about 5 years, then died • Her half-sister Elizabeth took over the throne.
Elizabeth I • Queen Elizabeth I was a Protestant • She restored the Anglican Church • Became one of the greatest rulers in England’s history
Calvinism in Europe • By the 1500 s, the ideas of Calvin had reached England • Many educated people began to read Calvin’s works • They began to demand that the Anglican Church give up its Catholic ways • These Reformers became known as Puritans
Puritans • They wanted to purify the Anglican Church of Catholic ideas • Puritans began to form their own congregations; neither Anglican or Catholic • The Puritans were tolerated up until King James I became king in 1603
Puritans • The Puritans believed in choosing their own ministers • King James saw this as the Puritans challenging his authority • King James I and the next king, Charles I, persecuted the Puritans
Puritans • Many Puritans moved to America to practice their religion freely • They founded Massachusetts, Connecticut, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island
- Protestant reformation vs counter reformation
- The protestant reformation crossword puzzle
- What caused the protestant reformation?
- Protestant reformation
- Unit 12 lesson 3 the protestant reformation
- Give up one’s views or beliefs
- Counter reformation def
- What factors encouraged the protestant reformation?
- Chapter 13 section 3 the protestant reformation
- Protestant reformation
- Chapter 16 lesson 1 the protestant reformation
- Chapter 16 lesson 1 the protestant reformation answer key
- Unit 3: martin luther & the protestant reformation
- Unit 3: martin luther & the protestant reformation
- Protestant reformation map
- Crash course protestant reformation
- The protestant reformation quiz
- Martin luther reformation political cartoon
- 95 theses rap
- Protestant reformation kahoot
- The reformation outcome martin luther and the reformation
- The reformation outcome martin luther and the reformation
- Objective of reformation movement
- Movement vs non movement area
- Locomotor in dance
- Family tree of christianity
- Protestants vs catholic