The Preterite Tense for regular verbs The Preterite

The Preterite Tense for regular verbs

The Preterite Tense 1. The preterite tense is used to discuss completed actions in the past. ie. . . Yesterday he ATE the sandwich. 2. The preterite tense is a simple tense meaning it is made up of just one word. ie. . . Ayer él COMIÓ el sandwich. 3. The preterite tense is only one of two past tenses in Spanish.

To Conjugate Reg. AR Verbs 1. Find the stem by dropping the last two letters off of the infinitive form of the verb. ie…. habl ar 2. Then add the appropriate verb endings. é aste ó AR amos asteis aron

To Conjugate Reg. AR Verbs HABLAR – AR = HABL hablé hablamos hablasteis habló hablaron

Orthographic Spelling Changes * Remember that you CANNOT change the sound of a letter by conjugating. Orthographic spelling changes in the yo form will regularly occur in AR verbs whose stems end in C, G, or Z. C QU G GU Z C

Orthographic Spelling Changes JUGAR – AR = JUG jugué jugaste jugó jugamos jugasteis jugaron

Sentence Examples • Hablé con mi hermana ayer. • I talked with my sister yesterday. • Juan bailó el lunes. • Juan danced on Monday. • Tomaste los refrescos a la fiesta. • You drank soft drinks at the party.

Bellringer: congugate the following – ar verbs in the preterite tense caminé caminar (yo) ________ cantaron cantar (ellos) ________ bucear (nosotros) ______ busceamos caminaste caminar (tú) ________ bailó bailar (él) _________ lavar (ella) ________ lavó hablaron hablar (Uds. ) ________ pasar (nosotras) _______ pasamos estudié estudiar (yo) ________

Spelling Changes in the Yo form When conjugating infinitive verbs in the preterite tense, there are 3 AR-type infinitives that change their spelling in the first person singular (Yo) conjugation Infinitives that end in CAR, GAR or ZAR have spelling (or orthographic) changes in the "Yo" conjugation only. Why? In each case, the spelling change serves the purpose of maintaining the pronunciation in the conjugated verb that closely resembles the pronunciation of the original infinitive.

CAR verbs Buscar - to look for Notice that "c" changes to "qu" before adding "é"--the preterite ending for Yo--when conjugating "buscar": busqué** buscamos buscasteis buscó buscaron ** If "c" were not changed to "qu" before adding the preterite ending "é, " the "c" would take on a "s" sound and "I looked for" would sound like "bus-say" instead of "buskay. "

GAR verbs Llegar - to arrive Notice that "g" changes to "gu" before adding "é"--the preterite ending for Yo--when conjugating “llegar": llegué** llegamos llegasteis llegó llegaron ** If "g" were not changed to "gu" before adding the preterite ending "é, " the "g" would take on an "h" sound and "I arrived" would sound like "yay-hay" instead of "yay-ge. "

ZAR verbs Empezar – to begin Notice that "z" changes to "c" before adding "é"--the preterite ending for Yo--when conjugating “empezar": empecé** empezamos empezasteis empezó empezaron ** If "z" were not changed to a "c" before adding the preterite ending "é, " the "z" would take on a guttural “j/sh" sound and "I began" would sound like "em-payjhay" instead of "em-pay-say. "

Can you think of other Spanish infinitives that will follow these spelling/pronunciation rules? There are many!!

Practicar - to practice Navegar - to surf (the web) Jugar - to play Comenzar - to begin Tocar - to touch Almorzar - to eat lunch Marcar - to mark Cruzar - to cross

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in the preterite 1. Mis amigos ______(llegar) tempranos. llegaron 2. Yo ______(navegar) en la internet por navegué la noche. 3. Daniel ______(buscar) información en buscó la web. ayudó 4. Ángela me ______(ayudar) mucho a buscar información. 5. Ella ______(pasar) a recoger mi tarea. pasó

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in the preterite 6. Uds. ______(trabajar) todo el día en la trabajaron tarea de ecología. 7. Todos______(hablar) mucho sobre el hablaron problema de la contaminación. busqué 8. Yo ______(buscar) mas información con un motor de búsqueda nuevo. empecé 9. Yo ______(empezar) a tener sueno a las diez. 10. Nosotros______(chatear) hasta tarde. chateamos

To Conjugate Reg. ER/IR Verbs in the PRETERITE tense 1. Find the stem by dropping the last two letters off of the infinitive form of the verb. ie…. com er 2. Then add the appropriate verb endings. ER / IR í iste ió imos isteis ieron

To Conjugate Reg. ER/IR Verbs CONOCER – ER = CONOC conocí conocimos conocisteis conoció conocieron

Stem Changes * AR and ER verbs DO NOT have stem changes in the preterite. Only IR verbs that have a stem change in the present tense, only have a one letter stem change in the preterite and only in box 3 and 6. ie…dormir dormí dormimos dormisteis durmió durmieron

Act 26 -27 p. 18