The Presidency Judiciary I Presidency A Rankings Popularity

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The Presidency & Judiciary I. Presidency A. Rankings & Popularity B. Qualifications & the

The Presidency & Judiciary I. Presidency A. Rankings & Popularity B. Qualifications & the Constitution II. Roles/Functions A. Administrative B. Domestic Policy C. Foreign Policy D. Military E. Symbolic III. Judiciary A. Qualifications & Constitution B. “Job” Key Terms • Cabinet • Pocket Veto • Treaty-making • Executive Agreement • War Powers Act • Pardon • Judicial Review

Ranking The Presidents #1 Abraham Lincoln (1861 -65) #2 Franklin D. Roosevelt (1933 -1945)

Ranking The Presidents #1 Abraham Lincoln (1861 -65) #2 Franklin D. Roosevelt (1933 -1945) #3 George Washington (1789 -1797) Source: Ranking the Presidents, Ridings & Mc. Iver (1997)

Ranking The Presidents Other Important Presidents: #4 Thomas Jefferson (1801 -1809) #9 Dwight Eisenhower

Ranking The Presidents Other Important Presidents: #4 Thomas Jefferson (1801 -1809) #9 Dwight Eisenhower (1953 -1961) #15 John F. Kennedy (1961 -1963) Source: Ranking the Presidents, Ridings & Mc. Iver (1997)

Ranking The Presidents The Worst Presidents: #32 Richard Nixon (1969 -1974) #38 Ulysses S.

Ranking The Presidents The Worst Presidents: #32 Richard Nixon (1969 -1974) #38 Ulysses S. Grant (1869 -1877) #41 Warren Harding (1921 -1923) Source: Ranking the Presidents, Ridings & Mc. Iver (1997)

Are you generally satisfied with the way things are going in the US at

Are you generally satisfied with the way things are going in the US at this time, or generally dissatisfied? Generally Satisfied 25. 4% Generally Dissatisfied 74. 6% Source: September, 2010 Student Survey at WSCC

Do you approve or disapprove of the way Barack Obama is handling his job

Do you approve or disapprove of the way Barack Obama is handling his job as president in general? Approve No Opinion Disapprove 37. 3% 29. 4% 32. 5% Source: September, 2010 Student Survey at WSCC

Do you approve or disapprove of the way Barack Obama is handling economic conditions?

Do you approve or disapprove of the way Barack Obama is handling economic conditions? Approve No Opinion Disapprove 29. 4% 39. 7% Source: September, 2010 Student Survey at WSCC

Do you approve or disapprove of the way Barack Obama is handling relations with

Do you approve or disapprove of the way Barack Obama is handling relations with other nations? Approve No Opinion Disapprove 38. 1% 41. 3% 18. 3% Source: September, 2010 Student Survey at WSCC

Presidential Approval: Obama, Bush & Clinton Sept, 2010 June 2010 Jan 2010 Sept, 2009

Presidential Approval: Obama, Bush & Clinton Sept, 2010 June 2010 Jan 2010 Sept, 2009 Jan, 2009 Sept 2008 Jan 2008 Sept, 2006 Sept, 2004 Sept, 2003 Jan, 2003 Sept, 2002 Jan, 2002 Sept, 2001 June, 2001 Jan, 2001 Sept, 1998 37% 50% 36% 39% 13% 21% 16% 24% 30% 34% 51% 62% 79% 39% 18% 48% 31% Approval Rating Approval Rating Approval Rating Approval Rating Approval Rating Source: Student Surveys at WSCC from 1998 -2010

Qualifications & Constitution Age 35 Birth Born in the USA Residency Resident of USA

Qualifications & Constitution Age 35 Birth Born in the USA Residency Resident of USA for 14 years Salary $400, 000

Presidential Salary/Income Comparison Angelina Jolie = $27 mill. Alex Rodriguez = $33 mill. Obama

Presidential Salary/Income Comparison Angelina Jolie = $27 mill. Alex Rodriguez = $33 mill. Obama = $400, 000 Lawrence Ellison (Oracle) $556 mill. in 2009 Harrison Ford = $65 mill. Aubrey Mc. Clendon (Oil Executive) $112 mill. in 2008

Presidents & Constitution Who was the first president to die while in office? William

Presidents & Constitution Who was the first president to die while in office? William Henry Harrison (1841)

Line of Succession to the Presidency #1 Vice President #2 Speaker of the House

Line of Succession to the Presidency #1 Vice President #2 Speaker of the House of Representatives #3 President Pro-tempore of Senate #4 Secretary of State #5 Secretary of Treasury #6 Secretary of Defense #7 Attorney General

Constitution & Vice Presidency If there is a vacancy in the Vice Presidency: 1.

Constitution & Vice Presidency If there is a vacancy in the Vice Presidency: 1. The President nominates a new candidate. 2. The candidate must be confirmed by a majority vote in both the House and Senate.

Role #1: Administrative • The President appoints or nominates 3, 0004, 000 people to

Role #1: Administrative • The President appoints or nominates 3, 0004, 000 people to administrative positions. • Examples: – Ambassadors to other nations – Cabinet positions (most important set of advisors & policy-makers)

Obama Cabinet Officials Attorney General Eric Holder Secretary of State Hilary Clinton Secretary of

Obama Cabinet Officials Attorney General Eric Holder Secretary of State Hilary Clinton Secretary of Treasury Tim Geithner Secretary of Defense Robert Gates

Role #2: Domestic Policy 1. The President submits a proposed budget to Congress each

Role #2: Domestic Policy 1. The President submits a proposed budget to Congress each year. 2. Presidents often propose legislation if someone in Congress sponsors it. a) About 50% of all laws passed are first proposed by the President.

Three Options for the President #1 Sign the Bill It becomes law. #2 Veto

Three Options for the President #1 Sign the Bill It becomes law. #2 Veto the Bill Can be overridden by Congress. #3 Nothing If the President does nothing and 10 working days pass, the bill becomes law. If Congress adjourns within the 10 working days, it becomes a Pocket Veto

Presidents & Vetoes

Presidents & Vetoes

Role #3: Foreign Policy 1. Presidents provide vision for overall US foreign policy. 2.

Role #3: Foreign Policy 1. Presidents provide vision for overall US foreign policy. 2. Negotiate Treaties • 2/3 Majority vote in Senate is needed to ratify.

Executive Agreement (Ensures Presidents Control Foreign Policy) • Agreement between US President and another

Executive Agreement (Ensures Presidents Control Foreign Policy) • Agreement between US President and another country, but doesn’t require Senate approval. • Not binding for future Presidents.

Presidents & Military George Washington Bill Clinton Dwight Eisenhower Andrew Jackson George H. W.

Presidents & Military George Washington Bill Clinton Dwight Eisenhower Andrew Jackson George H. W. Bush George W. Bush

Role #4: Military Leader The President is “Commander in Chief of the Army and

Role #4: Military Leader The President is “Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, and the Militia of the several states. ” BUT: Only Congress can declare war.

Military Leadership & War Powers Act The President can send troops into combat if:

Military Leadership & War Powers Act The President can send troops into combat if: 1. Congress declares war. 2. There is a crisis, the President may act alone for 60 -90 days. 3. Congress specifically gives the President the authority to send troops into combat.

Text of Joint Resolution Authorizing Use of Force: 9/15/01 Passed 96 -0 in Senate

Text of Joint Resolution Authorizing Use of Force: 9/15/01 Passed 96 -0 in Senate and 420 -1 in House of Representatives • “A) That the President is authorized to use all necessary and appropriate force against those nations, organizations, or persons he determines planned, authorized, committed, or aided the terrorist attacks that occurred on September, 11, 2001, or harbored such organizations or persons, in order to prevent any future acts of international terrorism against the United States by any such nations, organizations or persons. ”

Text of Joint Resolution Authorizing the Use of Force against Iraq. Passed 10/11/02 Passed

Text of Joint Resolution Authorizing the Use of Force against Iraq. Passed 10/11/02 Passed 77 -23 in Senate and 296 -133 in House of Reps • “Authorizes the President to use the U. S. armed forces to: (1) defend U. S. national security against the continuing threat posed by Iraq; and (2) enforce all relevant Security Council resolutions regarding Iraq. ” • It also directs the President to inform the Speaker of the House and the Senate President pro-tem within 48 hours of having used this authority. • President must also report to Congress at least every 60 days on relevant matters.

Role #5 Symbolic Leader • President = Head of State • The President has

Role #5 Symbolic Leader • President = Head of State • The President has the power to pardon anyone convicted of Federal crimes. – “…he shall have Power to grant Reprieves and Pardons for Offences against the United States, except in Cases of Impeachment. ”

Role #5 Symbolic Leader Obama Hosting A State Dinner Bush Throwing Out The First

Role #5 Symbolic Leader Obama Hosting A State Dinner Bush Throwing Out The First Pitch

The Judiciary Selection process for Supreme Court Justices and Federal Judges: 1. The President

The Judiciary Selection process for Supreme Court Justices and Federal Judges: 1. The President nominates a candidate. 2. The US Senate must confirm the candidate by a majority vote.

The Judiciary Qualifications None. But, usually, they have a law background are members of

The Judiciary Qualifications None. But, usually, they have a law background are members of the President’s party.

The Judiciary Judicial Review The authority to declare laws or actions of government officials

The Judiciary Judicial Review The authority to declare laws or actions of government officials to be unconstitutional.

The Presidency & Judiciary I. Presidency A. Rankings & Popularity B. Qualifications & the

The Presidency & Judiciary I. Presidency A. Rankings & Popularity B. Qualifications & the Constitution II. Roles/Functions A. Administrative B. Domestic Policy C. Foreign Policy D. Military E. Symbolic III. Judiciary A. Qualifications & Constitution B. “Job” Key Terms • Cabinet • Pocket Veto • Treaty-making • Executive Agreement • War Powers Act • Pardon • Judicial Review