THE PILGRIMS In 1620 the Pilgrims aboard the

• THE PILGRIMS: – In 1620 the Pilgrims, aboard the Mayflower, reached Cape Cod Bay, near what is now Provincetown, Massachusetts. – The Pilgrims left England because of Religious conflict

• The Pilgrim Faith: – Pilgrims were separatists who broke with the Anglican Church in England – Puritans: Were the most radical of the Pilgrims • They were Protestants: They wanted to “PURIFY” the Anglican Church of all Catholic Rituals and Traditions – so, they went to the Netherlands before America

• William Bradford: he found a place for the Puritans in America: The Hudson River Valley

• Plymouth Colony: – Mayflower Compact: Pilgrim leaders had drawn up an agreement for the men to sign. It established a selfgoverning Colony based on the Majority Rule of male church members

• Disease and Hunger took a toll on the Pilgrims – “In 3 months past dies half of our company…The living are scarce able to bury the dead” – Jamestown – the Pilgrims in Jamestown owed their survival to the Native Americans (Wampanoag) • Squanto (Patuxet Indian) he spoke English and he taught the Pilgrims how to grow crops THANKSGIVING

• The Great Migration: – Most Puritans (Protestants) wished to purify the Anglican Church of all Catholic Rituals – Puritans left England Because: 1. Economic Difficulty: no jobs 2. People were kicked-off their land 3. There was more land in America and it was cheaper than land in England 4. Crop failure in England 5. Religious persecution

• Great Migration (continued): – Beginning in 1630, more than 40, 000 people left England for the Americas

• Massachusetts Bay Colony: – Puritans, in 1629, established a Charter for Massachusetts Bay Company which allowed them to establish a colony – John Winthrop – the leader of the Massachusetts Bay Colony

• Charter for Massachusetts Bay Colony: – They were allowed to govern the Colony as they wanted but could not violate English Law – Their society was guided by English Law and the Bible

• Charter for Massachusetts Bay Colony: – All freemen could vote • Freemen elected representatives to the general court – the governing body that made laws

• Charter of Massachusetts Bay Colony: – The New England Way: • Cooperation between Church and State that was the basis of the Puritan Commonwealth • Must Live a Moral life or suffer God’s anger • Founded Harvard College, the First North American College

• Religious Dissent: – Thomas Hooker: Left Mass. Bay Colony because of religious differences with Puritan leaders and he needed more land so he moved westward • Thomas Hooker developed the Fundamental Order of Connecticut – The FOC was the first written constitution in the Colonies

• Religious Dissent: – Roger Williams: he was forced to leave Massachusetts Bay Colony because he questioned Puritan Ways – He believed in Separation of Church and State • He founded Providence Rhode Island where they practiced religious freedom

• CHALLENGING AUTHORIY: – Anne Hutchinson: she expressed ideas that opposed the Puritan’s Teachings • She moved to Rhode Island so she could practice the religion she wanted

• THE SALEM WITCHCRAFT TRIALS: TRIALS – Massachusetts citizens were accused of witchcraft and many were hung