The pharynx Anatomy of The pharynx Site Midline
- Slides: 37
The pharynx
Anatomy of The pharynx Site Midline of the neck Behind : From skull base to esophagus Nose In front. The of upper 6 Cervical vertebra The Mouth The larynx Seen from behind
Shape Irregular Fibromuscular tube lined by mucous membrane Length: 15 cm
Relation
Anterior surface of the pharynx
the pharynx Compartments Seen from behind • Nasopharynx • Oropharynx • Laryngopharynx (Hypopharynx)
Seen from lateral • Nasopharynx • Oropharynx • Laryngopharynx (Hypopharynx)
Muscles of the pharynx • Circular muscles: Superior, middle and inferior constrictor muscles. • Longitudinal muscles: stylopharyngeus, palatopharyngeus and salpingopharyngeus • All muscles of the pharynx innerveated by cranial root of accessory nerve except stylopharyngeus which is supplied by glossopharyngeus nerve
Extention
Three constrictor stylopharyngeus cricopharyngeus
Nasopharynx -Behind the nasal cavity -Extends from skull Base superiorly to the soft palate inferiorly - Communicates inferiorly with the oropharynx through the pharyngeal isthmus - The nasopharyngeal tonsil lies in the roof - The pharyngeal opening of ET lies in the lateral wall
Nasopharynx (important landmarks) • The pharyngeal isthmus • Opening of auditory tube and tubal elevation • The salpingopharyngeal fold
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx Behind the oral cavity (in front of 2 nd&3 rd Cervical vertebra) From the soft palate superiorly to tip of epiglottis inferiorly Communicates: Anteriorly with the oral cavity Superiorly with the nasopharynx Inferiorly with the laryngopharynx The paatine tonsils lie laterally between the anterior and posterior pilars
Oropharynx (lateral wall)
• Median epiglottis fold The floor vallecula lateral epiglottis fold
laryngopharynx Behind the Larynx (in front of 3 rd to 6 th Cervical vertebra) From the tip of epiglottis superiorly to the lower border of cricoid cartilage Inferiorly Communicates: - Anteriorly with the Larynx - Superiorly with the oropharynx - Inferiorly with the esophagus
Seen from behind The hypopharynx does not only lie behind the larynx BUT also Projects laterally on each side of the larynx So it is formed of : - Postcricoid region ( behind the larynx) - Two pyriform fossa (on each side of the larynx Cross section
laryngopharynx
Blood supply
What is Waldeyer’s ring? The lymphoid tissue in the pharyngeal aponeurosis aggregates in some areas forming tonsils: 1 -one nasopharyngeal tonsil 2 - two palatine tonsils 3 - two lingual tonsils 4 -two tubal tonsils
Lymph drainage
Nerve supply
Nerve Supply Motor ---► XI Except : Stylopharyngeus --►IX Sensory --► - Nasopharynx: V - Oropharynx: IX - Laryngopharynx: X Autonomic: - sympathetic: SCG - Parasympathetic: through VII
Palatine tonsils 1. Defintion 2. Site 3. Covering 4. Variability in size 5. Blood supply 6. Lymph drainage
Th e pal ante ato rior glo ssu pillar s m for usc me db le y Th ep By os pa teri lat or op pi ha lla ry r fo ng eu rme sm d The tonsils lie between the Two pillars
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