The Persian Wars A Defining Moment in Greek
- Slides: 19
The Persian Wars: A Defining Moment in Greek History What is the opposite of Greek? What does it take to make the Greeks unite against a common enemy?
Tonight’s Class n The Persian Wars, Part I n Movie: Homer’s Odyssey n Persian Wars, Part II
Key Questions for Today’s Lecture n Who are the Persians? n What are the causes of war? n What key events occur during the war? n Who wins the war and what are the consequences?
Where Is Persia?
Who Are The Persians? n Absolute Rule of Kings n Poverty vs. Decadence n Excellence vs. Money
The Causes of War n Persians invaded Greece n 490 BC (Marathon) n 480 -479 BC
Battle of Marathon- 490 BCE Countless Persians vs. 10, 000 Athenians “The magnificent grove of Marathon can confirm his bravery – as well as the long-haired Persian – who remembers it well. ” Epitaph of Aeschylus Where were the Spartans?
The Consequences of War n History changes as a result of this battle n Athenians = great political confidence n Athenian wealth, greatness + power reflected in literature + building projects
Athens as a Naval Power n 482 BCE n Silver Mines n Aristides’s Plan n Themistocles’s resolve
The Madness of Xerxes n Bridge over the Hellespont n 40, 000 hoplites + 366 ships n 200, 000 + 1000 ships n Ships destroyed
Thermopylae – 480 BCE n Trap the army, destroy the fleet n 300 men, 2 days, one fight to the death n “Go tell them in Sparta, stranger, that we lie here obedient to their orders. ” Simonides
Leonidas - Hero Of the Battle
If Fox News Had Been There!
Salamis – 480 BCE n Themistocles’s Brilliant Plan n Greek Fleet vs. Persian Fleet n Persia loses the battle
479 Battle of Plataea n Spartans win n But Athens still has naval superiority n Greeks win war, but lose internal unity
Sparta vs. Athens n Sparta won the deciding battle but. . . n Athens had the navy n 478 - Delian League n One vote each = democratic alliance
Why Is This A Defining Moment in Greek History? Athens - cultural center of the Greek World. . . with the common enemy vanquished, Greeks will fight amongst themselves.
Coming Next Week. . . n ATHENIAN LEADERSHIP n WOULD THE ATHENIANS HAVE ELECTED ARNOLD?
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