The Periodic Table The Ultimate Cheat Sheet Organization
The Periodic Table “The Ultimate Cheat Sheet”
Organization of the elements ¡ The elements go in atomic number order from left to right. ¡ As we go down a column the elements get more massive.
Groups ¡ ¡ Groups of elements are arranged vertically on the periodic table. Elements in the same group all behave similarly because they have the same number of valence electrons.
Periods ¡ ¡ ¡ Periods are horizontal rows on the periodic table. As you go across the row from left to right the elements have more electrons. In a given period all atoms have the same # of energy levels, but not the same # of electrons in the energy levels.
Families are similar to groups ¡ Some examples of families are: l Noble Gases l Halogens l Alkali Metals l Alkaline Earth Metals l Transitions metals ¡ Notice that not all transition metals fall into one group. ¡
Metals, Non-metals & Metalloids ¡ The periodic table can be divided into three sections. l Metals ¡ l Metalloids ¡ l Located on the left and center Located along the staircase in the upper right corner Non-Metals ¡ Located to the right of the staircase (basically the upper right hand side).
Properties of Metals ¡ ¡ ¡ ¡ Ductility – ability to be drawn into a wire Malleability – ability to be pounded into a sheet Luster or shine Ability to conduct heat Ability to conduct electricity Usually a solid at room temperature Tend to form positive ions Gives away electrons in chemical reactions
Properties of Non-Metals ¡ Some are gases at room temperature ¡ Forms negative ions ¡ Receives electrons in chemical reactions ¡ Brittle ¡ Non-conductor
Metalloids ¡ Has properties of both metals and non-metals.
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